Abstract
Effects of Fe and La addition on the dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi0.5Li0.5TiO3–BaTiO3–Mn ceramics were investigated. Similar to the doping effect in lead-based piezoelectric materials, here the Fe-doped ceramic created a hard effect with an improved mechanical quality factor (Qm) ~ 160, coercive field (Ec) ~ 2.9 kV/mm, decreased dielectric constant \( \left( {\varepsilon_{33}^{T} /\varepsilon_{0} } \right)\sim 80 3, \) and loss (tanδ) ~ 0.024 while the La-doped one indicated a soft feature with improved piezoelectric constant (d33) ~ 184 pC/N, \( \varepsilon_{33}^{T} /\varepsilon_{0} \,\sim { 983}, \) tanδ ~ 0.033, and decreased Ec ~ 2.46 kV/mm. In addition, the temperature dependence of the ferroelectric hysteresis loops and strain response under unipolar electric field was also studied. Around the depolarization temperature Td, large strain value was obtained with the normalized \( d_{33}^{*} \) up to ~1,000 pC/N, which was suggested originated from the development of the short-range order or non-polar phases in the ferroelectric matrix. All these would provide a new way to realize high piezoelectric response for practical application in different temperature scale.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jaffe B, Cook WR, Jaffe H (1971) Piezoelectric ceramics. Academic Press, London
Xu Y (1991) Ferroelectric materials and their applications. North-Holland Elsevier Science, Amsterdam
Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003, Official Journal of the European Union 2003, p. L37/19
Rödel J, Jo W, Seifert TPK, Anton EM, Granzow T, Damjanovic D (2009) J Am Ceram Soc 92:1153
Zhang ST, Kounga AB, Jo W, Jamin C, Seifert K, Granzow T, Rödel J, Damjanovic D (2009) Adv Mater 21:4716
Liu WF, Ren XB (2009) Phys Rev Lett 103:257602
Takenaka T, Nagata H, Hiruma Y (2008) Jpn J Appl Phys 47:3787
Jo W, Granzow T, Aulbach E, Rödel J, Damjanovic D (2009) J Appl Phys 105:094102
Shrout TR, Zhang SJ (2007) J Electroceram 19:111
Smolenskii GA, Isupov VA, Agranovskaya AI, Krainik NN (1961) Sov Phys-Solid State (Engl Transl) 2:2651
Zvirgzds JA, Kapostis PP, Zvirgzde JV (1982) Ferroelectrics 40:75
Jones GO, Thomas PA (2002) Acta Crystallogr B 58:168
Jones GO, Thomas PA (2000) Acta Crystallogr B 56:426
Nagata H, Yoshida M, Makiuchi Y, Takenaka T (2003) Jpn J Appl Phys 42:7401
Wang XX, Choy SH, Tang XG, Chan HLW (2005) J Appl Phys 97:104101
Shieh J, Wu KC, Chen CS (2007) Acta Mater 55:3081
Lin DM, Kwok KW, Chan HLW (2007) Solid State Ionics 178:1930
Yilmaz H, Trolier-Mckinstry S, Messing GL (2003) J Electroceram 11:217
Morozov MI, Damjanovic D (2008) J Appl Phys 104:034107
Morozov MI, Damjanovic D (2010) J Appl Phys 107:034106
Viehland D (2006) J Am Ceram Soc 89:775
Jo W, Erdem E, Eichel RA, Glaum J, Granzow T, Damjanovic D, Rödel J (2010) J Appl Phys 108:014110
Li JM, Wang FF, Qin XM, Xu M, Tang YX, Shi WZ (under review) J Alloy Compd
Zhang ST, Kounga AB, Aulbach E, Deng Y (2008) J Am Ceram Soc 91:3950
Smolenskii GA (1970) Jpn J Phys Soc Suppl 28:26
Guo YP, Liu Y, Withers RL, Brink F, Chen H (2011) Chem Mater 23:219
Shannon RD (1976) Acta Crystallogr A A32:751
Zhang ST, Kounga AB, Aulbach E, Granzow T, Jo W, Kleebe HJ, Rödel J (2008) J Appl Phys 10:034107
Hiruma Y, Imai Y, Watanabe Y, Nagata H, Takenaka T (2008) Appl Phys Lett 92:262904
Eerd BW, Damjanovic D, Klein N, Setter N, Trodahl J (2010) Phys Rev B 82:104112
Hussain A, Ahn CW, Lee JS, Ullah A, Kim IW (2010) Sens Actuators A 158:84
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No. 10ZR1422300 and 09520501000), Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (09YZ151, 11YZ82, 11YZ83, and 11ZZ117), Shanghai Normal University Program (SK201026, PL929 and SK200708), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60807036), and Condensed Physics of Shanghai Normal University (Grant No. DZL712).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, J., Wang, F., Leung, C.M. et al. Large strain response in acceptor- and donor-doped Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based lead-free ceramics. J Mater Sci 46, 5702–5708 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5523-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5523-7