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Transformation of microporous titanium glycolate nanorods into mesoporous anatase titania nanorods by hot water treatment

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Abstract

High surface area titanium glycolate microporous multi-faceted nanorods were synthesized from the reaction of titanium alkoxides (Ti(OEt)4, Ti(OiPr)4, or Ti(OnBu)4) with ethylene glycol, using a sol–gel reflux method. The specific surface area of the as-synthesized titanium glycolate nanorods obtained from Ti(OEt)4 is ~480 m2/g. A hot water treatment at 90 °C for 1 h transformed the titanium glycolate microporous nanorods into mesoporous anatase TiO2 nanorods. The shape of the nanorods was conserved after hot water treatment and the microporous to mesoporous transformation took place without significant change in the surface area (477 m2/g). Micro Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, solid state NMR, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption were used to characterize the samples. As a demonstration of potential applications, the thus formed mesoporous anatase TiO2 nanorods were tested for their photocatalytic efficiency in the degradation of crystal violet, and a photodegradation mechanism is proposed.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support of the Research Assistantships Initiative of New Brunswick Innovation Fund (NBIF), the Atlantic Innovation Fund (AIF–Round II), and National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. Louise Weaver (Microscopy Microanalysis Facility, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada) for the TEM measurements, and Zoulika Hadj—Sadok (Laboratoire de Chimie des matériaux inorganiques—FUNDP, Namur, Belgique) for BET and XRD measurements. We are also thankful to Dr. Ulrike Werner-Zwanziger, Senior NMR Spectroscopist (Atlantic Magnetic Resonance Center, Department of chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax) for the NMR spectra.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Micro-spectroscopies Raman et FTIR, Université de Moncton–Campus de Shippagan, 218, boul. J.-D. Gauthier, Shippagan, NB, E8S 1P6, Canada

    Srinivasan Priya, Jacques Robichaud, Subramanian Balaji & Yahia Djaoued

  2. Institut de recherche sur les zones côtières, 232B Avenue de l’Église, Shippagan, NB, E8S 1J2, Canada

    Marie-Claude Méthot

  3. Digital Microscopy Facility, Mount Allison University, 63B York St., Sackville, NB, E4L 1G7, Canada

    James M. Ehrman

  4. Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Inorganiques, The University of Namur (FUNDP), 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium

    Bao-Lian Su

Authors
  1. Srinivasan Priya
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  2. Jacques Robichaud
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  3. Marie-Claude Méthot
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  4. Subramanian Balaji
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  5. James M. Ehrman
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  6. Bao-Lian Su
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  7. Yahia Djaoued
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Correspondence to Yahia Djaoued.

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Priya, S., Robichaud, J., Méthot, MC. et al. Transformation of microporous titanium glycolate nanorods into mesoporous anatase titania nanorods by hot water treatment. J Mater Sci 44, 6470–6483 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3630-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3630-5

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