Abstract
Starting from a hierarchically substructured, heavily dislocated, and highly alloyed martensitic structure, an 18Ni maraging steel was deformed by four passes of equal-channel angular pressing at ambient temperature. X-ray diffraction peak profile analyses according to the modified Williamson–Hall and Warren–Averbach methods were used for determination of apparent grain size, dislocation density, and character of the prevailing dislocations, aided by supplemental transmission electron microscopy. A mean grain size of about 60 nm was determined, corresponding reasonably to the mean dislocation cell size illustrated by means of transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, a dislocation density of 1.3 × 1016 m−2 along with an about 5:1 ratio of screw to edge type dislocations were identified. A dislocation arrangement parameter larger than unity was determined for the present deformed structure, representing a weak dipole character of the dislocation structure and weak screening action of the strain fields of multiple dislocations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Valiev RZ, Islamgaliev RK, Alexandrov IV (2000) Prog Mater Sci 45:103. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6425(99)00007-9
Langdon TG (2007) Mater Sci Eng A 462:3. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.473
Zhu YT, Langdon TG (2005) Mater Sci Eng A 409:234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.05.111
Tsuji N, Ueji R, Minamino Y, Saito Y (2002) Scr Mater 46:305. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01243-X
Das SK, Thomas G (1970) Metall Trans 1:325. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642804
Morito S, Huang X, Maki T, Hansen N (2006) Acta Mater 54:5323. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.07.009
Morito S, Nishikawa J, Maki T (2003) ISIJ Int 43:1475. doi:https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.43.1475
Morito S, Iwamoto S, Maki T (2003) In: Takeuchi H (ed) Int. Forum for the properties and applications of IF steels. The Iron Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo
Ueji R, Tsuji N, Minamino Y, Koizumi Y (2002) Acta Mater 50:4177. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00260-4
Tianfu J, Yuwei G, Guiying Q, Quan L, Tiansheng W, Wei W et al (2006) Mater Sci Eng A 432:216. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.06.047
Hossein Nedjad S, Nili Ahmadabadi M, Furuhara T (2008) Mater Sci Eng A 485:544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.08.008
Iranpour Mobarake M, Nili Ahmadabadi M, Poorganji B, Fatehi A, Shirazi H, Furuhara T, Habibi Parsa M, Hossein Nedjad S (2008) Mater Sci Eng A 491:172. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.02.034
Ungar T, Gubicza J, Hanak P, Alexandrov IV (2001) Mater Sci Eng A 319–321:274. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01025-5
Hossein Nedjad S, Movaghar Gharabagh MR (2007) Int J Mater Res (accepted)
Warren BE (1969) X-ray diffraction. Addison Wesley, Massachusetts
Ribarik G, Ungar T, Gubicza J (2001) J Appl Cryst 34:669. doi:https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889801011451
Ungar T, Gubicza J, Ribarik G, Borbely A (2001) J Appl Cryst 34:298. doi:https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889801003715
Ungar T, Dragomir IC, Revesz A, Borbely A (1999) J Appl Cryst 32:992. doi:https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889899009334
Wilkens M (1967) Acta Metall 15:1412. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(67)90020-X
Wilkens M (1969) Acta Metall 17:1155. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(69)90092-3
Chaudari DK, Ravindran PA, Wert JJ (1972) J Appl Phys 43:778. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1661280
Ungar T, Ribarik G, Gubicza J, Hanak P (2002) Trans ASME 124:2
Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf D, Hansen N (1991) Scr Metall Mater 25:1557. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-716X(91)90451-6
Li BL, Godfrey A, Meng QC, Liu Q, Hansen N (2004) Acta Mater 52:1069. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2003.10.040
Fatay D, Bastarash E, Nyilas K, Dobatkin S, Gubicza J, Ungar T (2003) Z Metallkd 94:1
Gubicza J, Balogh L, Hellmig RJ, Estrin Y, Ungar T (2005) Mater Sci Eng A 400–401:334. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.03.042
Dragomir IC, Gheorghe M, Thadhani N, Snyder RL (2005) Mater Sci Eng A 402:158. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.04.028
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Movaghar Garabagh, M.R., Hossein Nedjad, S. & Nili Ahmadabadi, M. X-ray diffraction study on a nanostructured 18Ni maraging steel prepared by equal-channel angular pressing. J Mater Sci 43, 6840–6847 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2992-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2992-4