Abstract
A simultaneous preconcentration and separation method for determination of trace amount of dissolved Ag+, Pb2+ and Pd2+ ions by modified octadecyl silica membrane disks with DBzDA18C6 was developed. The adsorbed metal complexes were eluted from disk with 10 mL of 4 M KCl and determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Several parameters such as anion effect, pH of sample solution, type of eluent, amount of ligand, sample and elution flow rate were evaluated. The effect of diverse ions on preconcentration was also investigated. A precocentration factor of 110 can easily be achieved depending on the volume of the sample. For 100 mL of the solution the linear dynamic rang were found to be 30–1000, 140–6000, 60–900 μg l−1 for Ag+, Pb2+ and Pd2+, respectively. Based on three standard deviation of the blank the detection limit was obtained as 1.8, 8.0 and 4.2 μg L−1 for Ag+, Pb2+, Pd2+, respectively. The formation constants of Ag+ and Pb2+ ions with DBzDA18C6 at 25 °C were determined from the molar conductance–mole ratio data. This method was applied for the determination of Ag+, Pb2+ and Pd2+ in environmental water, tea and soil samples.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Soilack, M., Elci, L., Dogan, M.: Column preconcentration/separation and atomic absorption spectrometric determinations of some heavy metals in table salt samples using Amberlite XAD-1180. Turk. J. Chem. 27, 235–242 (2003)
Okamoti, Y., Nomura, Y., Nakamura, H., Iwamura, K., Fujiwara, T., Kumamura, T.: High preconcentration of ultra-trace metal ions by liquid–liquid extraction using water/oil/water emulsions as liquid surfactant membranes. Microchim. J 65, 341–346 (2000)
Locatelli, C., Torsi, G.: Simultaneous square wave anodic stripping voltammetric determination of Cr, Pb, Sn, Sb, Cu, Zn in presence of reciprocal interference: application to meal matrices. Microchem. J. 78, 175–180 (2004)
Kulichenko, S.A., Doroschuk, V.O., Lelyushok, S.O.: The cloud point extraction of copper (II) with monocarboxylic acids into non-ionic surfactant phase. Talanta 59, 767–775 (2003)
Duran, C., Bulut, V., Gundugdu, A., Osdez, D., Yildrim, M., Soylak, M., Senturk, B., Elci, L.: Carrier element-free coprecipitation with 3-phenly-4-o-hydroxybenzylidenamino-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one for separation/preconcentration of Cr(III), Fe(III), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions. J. Hazard. Mater. 167, 294–299 (2009)
Goswami, A., Sigh, A.K.: 1, 8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone anchored on silica gel: synthesis and application as solid phase extractant for lead(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) prior to their determination by flame atomic. Talanta 58, 669–678 (2002)
Yang, G., Huang, Zh., Hu, Q., Yin, J.: Study on the solid phase extraction of Co(II)-QADEAB chelate with C18 disk and its application to the determination of trace cobalt. Talanta 58, 511–515 (2002)
Abou-El-Sherbini, K.S., Kenawy, I.M.M., Ahmed, M.A., Issa, R.M., Elmorsi, R.: Separation and preconcentration in a batch mode of Cd(II), Cr(III, VI), Cu(II), Mn(II, VII) and Pb(II) by solid-phase extraction by using of silica modified with N-propylsalicylaldimine. Talanta 58, 289–300 (2002)
Khayatian, G., Pouzesh, S.: Solid phase extraction and flame atomic absorption spectroscopic determination of trace amounts of iron(III) using octadecyl silica membrane disks modified with 2-mercaptopyridine-1-oxide. J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 4, 490–496 (2007)
Saracoglu, S., Elci, L.: Column solid-phase extraction with chromosorb-102 resin and determination of trace elements in water and sediment samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 452, 77–83 (2002)
Majors, R.E.: Sample preparation for HPLC and gas chromatography using solid phase extraction. LC-GC 4, 972–976 (1989)
Sturgeon, R.E., Berman, S.S., Desaulniers, A., Russell, D.S.: Preconcentration of trace metals from sea water for determination by graphit furnance atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta 27, 85–94 (1980)
Camel, V.: Solid phase extraction of trace elements. Spectrochim. Acta B Rev. 58, 1177–1233 (2003)
Elci, L., Kartal, A., Soylak, M.: Solid phase extraction method for the determination of iron, lead and chromium by atomic absorption spectrometry using Amberlite XAD-2000 column in various water samples. J. Hazard. Mater. 153, 454–461 (2008)
Gomez, M.M., Haligo Garcia, M.M., Palocios, C.: On-line preconcentration of silver on a sulfhydryl cotton microcolumn and determination by flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry. Analyst 120, 1911–1915 (1995)
Farhadi, K., Teimuri, G.: Flame atomic absorption determination of palladium in solutions after preconcentration using octadecyl silica membrane disks modified by thioridazine·HCl. Talanta 65, 925–929 (2005)
Shamsipour, M., Mashhadizadeh, M.H.: Preconcentration of trace amounts of silver ion in aqueous samples on octadecyl silica membrane disks modified with hexathia-18-crown-6 and its determination by atomic absorption spectrometry. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 367, 246–249 (2000)
Yamini, Y., Alizadeh, N., Shamsipor, M.: Solid phase extraction and determination of ultra trace amounts of mercury (II) using octadecyl silica membrane disks modified by hexathia-18-crown-6-tetraone and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 355, 69–74 (1997)
Khayatian, G., Karoonian, F.S., Vaziri, S.: Conductance study of the complexation of NH4 + and Tl+ ion with different crown ethers in binary acetonitrile-methanol mixtures. Polish J. Chem. 82, 537–554 (2008)
Shamsipur, M., Khayatian, G.: Conductance study of the thermodynamics of Tl+ ion complexes with different 18-membered crown ethers in binary dimethylformamide-acetonitrile mixtures. J. Incl. Phenom 39, 109–113 (2001)
Khayatian, G., Shariati, S., Shamsipour, M.: Conductance study of the thermodynamics of binding of some macrocyclic polyethers with Tl+ ion in dimethylformamide-acetonitrile mixtures. J. Incl. Phenom. 45, 117–125 (2003)
Khayatian, G., Karoonian, F.S.: Conductance and thermodynamic study of complexation of ammonium ion with different crown ethers in binary nonaqueous solvents. J. Chin. Chem. Soc. 55, 377–384 (2008)
Amini, M.K., Shamsipur, M.: Complex formation of hydronium ion with several crown ethers in 1,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, and nitrobenzene solutions. J. Solut. Chem. 21, 275–288 (1992)
Amini, M.K., Shamsipur, M.: Complex formation of silver, thallium and alkali cations with dibenzo-30-crown-10 in some non-aqueous solutions. Inorg. Chim. Acta 183, 65–69 (1991)
Debye, P., Huckel, H.: Phys. Z 24, 305 (1928)
Takeda, Y.: A conductance study of 18-crown-6 and dibenzo-18-crown-6 complexes with K+ in various solvents. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 56, 866–869 (1983)
Nicely, V.A., Dye, J.I.: J. Chem. Educ. 48, 443 (1971)
Izat, R.M., Pawlak, K., Bradshow, J.S.: Thermodynamic and kinetic data for macrocycle interaction with cations and anions. Chem. Rev. 91, 1721–2085 (1991)
Thaler, A., Cox, B.G., Schneider, H.: Stability constants of aza-oxa crown ether complexes with silver (I) in nonaqueous polar solvents. Inorg. Chim. Acta 351, 123–132 (2003)
Tar, A., Barboiu, M., Legrand, Y.M., Luca, C.: Stability constants of complexed formed by new schiff-base lariat ethers derived from 4,13-diaza-18-crown-6 with Ag+, Pb2+, Cu2+ cations determined by competitive potentiometry. J. Incl. Phenom. 60, 35–41 (2008)
Rounaghi, G.H., Mohajeri, M., Ashrafi, S., Ghasemi, H., Sedaghat, S., Tavakoli, M.: Complex formation of 1,10-dibenzyl-1,10-diaza-18-crown-6 with Ni2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Cd2+ metal cations in acetonitrile–dimethyl formamide binary solutions. J. Incl. Phenom. 58, 1–6 (2007)
Ijeri, V.S., Srivastava, A.K.: Complexation of macrocyclic compound with metal ions: Cd(II), Pb(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Ag(I) ions in 40 vol.% ethanol–water. J. Chem. Eng. Data 47, 346–350 (2002)
Khayatian, G., Shamsipur, M.: Higly selective and efficient membrane transport of palladium as PdCl4 2− ion using NH4 +-dibenzyldiaza-18-crown-6 as carrier. Sep. Purif. Technol. 16, 235–242 (1995)
Afzali, D., Mostafavi, A.: Flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination of trace amounts of Ag+ and Cd2+ after simultaneous separation and preconcentration on to modified clinoptilolite zeolite as a new sorbent. Can. J. Anal. Sci. Spect. 53, 82–89 (2008)
Pourreza, A., Hoveizavi, R.: Simultaneous preconcentration of Cu, Fe and Pb as methylthymol blue complexes on naphthalene adsorbent and flame atomic absorption determination. Anal. Chim. Acta 549, 124–128 (2005)
Zhang, S., Pu, Q., Liu, P., Sun, Q., Su, Z.: Synthesis of amidinothioueido–silica gel and its application to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of silver, gold and palladium with on-line preconcentration and separation. Anal. Chim. Acta 452, 223–230 (2002)
Hashemi, O.R., Kargar, M.R., Raoufi, F., Moghimi, A., Aghabozorg, H., Ganjali, M.R.: Separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of lead on octadecyl silica membrane disks modified with a new S-containing Schiff’s base and its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem. J. 69, 1–6 (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khayatian, G., Hassanpoor, S. Simultaneous separation and extraction of Ag(I), Pb(II) and Pd(II) ions by solid phase method and determination of these ions by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. J Incl Phenom Macrocycl Chem 73, 151–159 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-011-0038-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-011-0038-z