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Pediatric Acquired Disability: Child and Parental Adjustment

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Abstract

Pediatric acquired disability challenges children and their parents as they adjust to a new reality of physical impairment. This longitudinal study explored the association between severity of children’s acquired disability and children and parents’ adjustment six weeks after diagnosis (T1) and three-four months later (T2), particularly focusing on parental perception of illness and of parent–child interactions. The participants were 140 parents of children with acquired disability who were hospitalized in pediatric or rehabilitation departments at three major medical centers in Israel. Parents completed questionnaires on background information, parental illness perception, perception of parent–child interactions, and child and parents’ adjustment. Physicians and nurses completed a questionnaire on disability severity indexes. The results revealed that severity of child’s disability correlated positively with parental illness perception and adjustment, but not with parental perception of parent–child interactions. At both time points, parents’ adjustment correlated negatively with illness perceptions and positively with perception of parent–child interactions. Parents’ adjustment was partially associated with children’s adjustment. Children and parents’ adjustment improved over time, as the severity of the child’s disability decreased and parental illness perception eased. Parental perception of parent–child interactions did not change significantly. Parents’ initial adjustment at T1 correlated with their children’s subsequent adjustment, but not vice versa. The study showed that parental adjustment affects children’s adjustment to the acquired disability, and demonstrated the role of parental perception. Early identification of parents at risk might facilitate appropriate professional intervention.

Highlights

  • Parental adjustment plays an important role in the child’s adjustment to the acquired disability over time.

  • Early intervention for parents can help prevent the development of maladaptive adjustment in both parents and children over time.

  • Disability severity and parental perception of the child–parent relationship and the illness are associated with the parents’ adjustment to the new, complex reality.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Professor Benyamini, Y., and Professor Ginsburg, K. for their professional guidance; Ms. Alkalay, Y. for her statistical work; and the pediatric and rehabilitation department heads at the medical centers (Dr. Brezner, A., Dr. Kornitzer, E., and Professor Kerem, E.). In addition, we want to thank the parents who openly shared their experiences, despite going through such a difficult time in their lives.

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  1. Bob Shapell School of Social Work Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    S. Palmor Haspel & L. Hamama

  2. Herzog Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel

    S. Palmor Haspel

  3. Sharee Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel

    S. Palmor Haspel

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  1. S. Palmor Haspel
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Correspondence to S. Palmor Haspel.

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Palmor Haspel, S., Hamama, L. Pediatric Acquired Disability: Child and Parental Adjustment. J Child Fam Stud 30, 403–415 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01894-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01894-z

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