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Sperm preparation after freezing improves motile sperm count, motility, and viability in frozen-thawed sperm compared with sperm preparation before freezing-thawing process

  • Gamete Biology
  • Published:
Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study is to evaluate which cryopreservation protocol, freezing before or after swim-up, optimizes cryopreservation outcomes in terms of motile sperm count, motility, morphology, and viability, and also to establish whether sperm viability could be assessed based on sperm motility.

Methods

Fifty-three fresh and 53 swim-up prepared samples were considered for the first experiment. In parallel, total motility evaluation by CASA system (computer-assisted sperm analyzer) and hypoosmotic swelling test (HOS-test) was performed in each sample to compare the viability results of both methods. In the second experiment, 21 normozoospermic semen samples and 20 semen samples from male factor patients were included. After fresh ejaculate evaluation, the semen sample of each patient was divided into two aliquots, one of them was frozen before swim-up and the other was frozen after swim-up. Motility, sperm count, morphology, and viability were evaluated after thawing.

Results

A linear regression model allows prediction of HOS-test viability results based on total motility: HOS = 1.38 + 0.97 · TM (R 2 = 99.10, residual mean squares = 9.51). Freezing before sperm selection leads to higher total and progressive motility, total motile sperm count, and viability rates than when sperm selection is performed before freezing (P < 0.005 in all cases). In fact, sperm selection prior to freezing reaches critical values when subfertile patients are considered.

Conclusions

To conclude, total motility evaluation can predict HOS-test viability results, resulting in a more objective and less time-consuming method to assess viability. In addition, sperm freezing prior to swim-up selection must be considered in order to achieve better outcomes after thawing, especially in patients presenting poor sperm baseline.

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Funding

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Assisted Reproduction, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain

    A. Palomar Rios, A. Gascón, J. V. Martínez & I. Molina Botella

  2. Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    S. Balasch

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  1. A. Palomar Rios
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  2. A. Gascón
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  3. J. V. Martínez
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  4. S. Balasch
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  5. I. Molina Botella
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Correspondence to A. Palomar Rios.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of Hospital La Fe Research Foundation (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe) research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Palomar Rios, A., Gascón, A., Martínez, J.V. et al. Sperm preparation after freezing improves motile sperm count, motility, and viability in frozen-thawed sperm compared with sperm preparation before freezing-thawing process. J Assist Reprod Genet 35, 237–245 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-1050-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-1050-z

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