Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Paternal history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension affects the prevalence and phenotype of PCOS

  • Reproductive Physiology and Disease
  • Published:
Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the present study is to determine if paternal or maternal history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) contributes to the prevalence and phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

We performed an epidemiologic study about PCOS from four districts in Beijing, China, between 2008 and 2009. Parental histories of DM and HT were collected, and the basic characteristics and serum indices of 123 PCOS patients and 718 non-PCOS controls were tested.

Results

The prevalence of a parental history of DM and HT was significantly higher in PCOS patients than non-PCOS women (17.1 % vs. 9.2 % and 42.3 % vs. 26.0 %, P < 0.05, respectively). When paternal history was separated from maternal history, only a paternal history of DM and HT reached statistical significance between PCOS and non-PCOS patients (odds ratio (OR) = 3.42, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.69–6.91; OR = 2.50, 95 % CI = 1.58–3.93, respectively). A paternal history of both DM and HT was significantly associated with sex hormone-binding globulin, fasting plasma glucose, and fasting insulin levels, the free androgen index, and the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance in PCOS patients (P < 0.05 for all). There was no independent association between maternal history and the clinical or biochemical phenotype of PCOS.

Conclusions

PCOS patients with a positive paternal history of both DM and HT have an adverse endocrine and metabolic profile. A paternal history of DM and HT poses a risk to PCOS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kollmann M, Klaritsch P, Martins WP, Guenther F, Schneider V, Herzog SA, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with PCOS: comparison of different diagnostic definitions. Hum Reprod. 2015.

  2. Li R, Zhang Q, Yang D, Li S, Lu S, Wu X, et al. Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women in China: a large community-based study. Hum Reprod. 2013;28:2562–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Stein IL, Leventhal ML. Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1935;29:181–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Lunde O, Magnus P, Sandvik L, Hoglo S. Familial clustering in the polycystic ovarian syndrome. Gynecol Obstet Investig. 1989;28:23–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Strauss JR, McAllister JM, Urbanek M. Persistence pays off for PCOS gene prospectors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:2286–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. McAllister JM, Legro RS, Modi BP, Strauss JR. Functional genomics of PCOS: from GWAS to molecular mechanisms. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2015;26:118–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ewens KG, Jones MR, Ankener W, Stewart DR, Urbanek M, Dunaif A, et al. FTO and MC4R gene variants are associated with obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One. 2011;6:e16390.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Batista MC, Duarte EF, Borba MD, Zingler E, Mangussi-Gomes J, Dos SB, et al. Trp28Arg/Ile35Thr LHB gene variants are associated with elevated testosterone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gene. 2014;550:68–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hwang JY, Lee EJ, Jin GM, Sung YA, Lee HJ, Heon KS, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies GYS2 as a novel genetic factor for polycystic ovary syndrome through obesity-related condition. J Hum Genet. 2012;57:660–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Shi Y, Zhao H, Shi Y, Cao Y, Yang D, Li Z, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies eight new risk loci for polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Genet. 2012;44:1020–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Mayer SB, Evans WS, Nestler JE. Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2015;11:137–49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ehrmann DA, Kasza K, Azziz R, Legro RS, Ghazzi MN. Effects of race and family history of type 2 diabetes on metabolic status of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:66–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Lerchbaum E, Schwetz V, Giuliani A, Obermayer-Pietsch B. Influence of a positive family history of both type 2 diabetes and PCOS on metabolic and endocrine parameters in a large cohort of PCOS women. Eur J Endocrinol. 2014;170:727–39.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kulshreshtha B, Singh S, Arora A. Family background of diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypertension affects the phenotype and first symptom of patients with PCOS. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2013;29:1040–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Dewailly D, Hieronimus S, Mirakian P, Hugues JN. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2010;71:8–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2004;81:19–25.

  17. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome—a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med. 2006;23:469–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Perna GP, Battistoni I, Angelini L. Heart rate modulation in stable ischemic heart disease: what we have learned from the SIGNIFY study? G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2015;16:155–60.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Cwiklinska A, Strzelecki A, Kortas-Stempak B, Zdrojewski Z, Wroblewska M. ApoE-containing HDL and the development of atherosclerosis. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2015;69:1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Eryilmaz OG, Sarikaya E, Gulerman C, Akar S, Cicek N. Endometrial thickness measurement throughout a menstrual cycle in non-obese infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286:1597–600.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Christ JP, Vanden BH, Brooks ED, Pierson RA, Chizen DR, Lujan ME. Ultrasound features of polycystic ovaries relate to degree of reproductive and metabolic disturbance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2015;103:787–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Shah B, Parnell L, Milla S, Kessler M, David R. Endometrial thickness, uterine, and ovarian ultrasonographic features in adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:146–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Vink JM, Sadrzadeh S, Lambalk CB, Boomsma DI. Heritability of polycystic ovary syndrome in a Dutch twin-family study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:2100–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Joe-kechebelu NN, Mbamara SU, Ikechebelu JI. Familial trend in polycystic ovarian syndrome: report of two cases. Ann Afr Med. 2013;12:182–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Moini A, Eslami B. Familial associations between polycystic ovarian syndrome and common diseases. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2009;26:123–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Sam S, Legro RS, Essah PA, Apridonidze T, Dunaif A. Evidence for metabolic and reproductive phenotypes in mothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:7030–5.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Li R, Yu G, Yang D, Li S, Lu S, Wu X, et al. Prevalence and predictors of metabolic abnormalities in Chinese women with PCOS: a cross- sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2014;14:76.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Moran LJ, Teede HJ, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Norman RJ, Wittert GA. Sex hormone binding globulin, but not testosterone, is associated with the metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Investig. 2013;36:1004–10.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Veltman-Verhulst SM, van Haeften TW, Eijkemans MJ, de Valk HW, Fauser BC, Goverde AJ. Sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations before conception as a predictor for gestational diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2010;25:3123–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Tzeng CR, Chang YC, Chang YC, Wang CW, Chen CH, Hsu MI. Cluster analysis of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in women of reproductive age. Fertil Steril. 2014;101:1404–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Wallace IR, McKinley MC, Bell PM, Hunter SJ. Sex hormone binding globulin and insulin resistance. Clin Endocrinol. 2013;78:321–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Winters SJ, Gogineni J, Karegar M, Scoggins C, Wunderlich CA, Baumgartner R, et al. Sex hormone-binding globulin gene expression and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:E2780–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Fauser BC, Tarlatzis BC, Rebar RW, Legro RS, Balen AH, Lobo R, et al. Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Fertil Steril. 2012;97:28–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program (grant number: 2007BAI04B04 and 2012BAI32B01).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reproductive Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Chen Cheng, Haolin Zhang, Yue Zhao, Rong Li & Jie Qiao

  2. Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Chen Cheng, Haolin Zhang, Yue Zhao, Rong Li & Jie Qiao

  3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Chen Cheng, Haolin Zhang, Yue Zhao, Rong Li & Jie Qiao

Authors
  1. Chen Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Haolin Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yue Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Rong Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jie Qiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rong Li.

Additional information

Capsule We define a subset of PCOS patients with a positive paternal history of both DM and HT as a high-risk group with an increased prevalence of endocrine and metabolic disturbances.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplement 1

(DOC 31 kb)

Supplement 2

(DOCX 18 kb)

Supplement 3

(DOCX 18 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cheng, C., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y. et al. Paternal history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension affects the prevalence and phenotype of PCOS. J Assist Reprod Genet 32, 1731–1739 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-015-0587-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-015-0587-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation