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Engineering self-standing Si–Mo–O based nanostructure arrays as anodes for new era lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract

For the first time, Si–Mo–O helices have been produced by the ion-assisted glancing angle electron beam co-evaporation of molybdenum oxide and silicon. Since the electron beam evaporation process forms metastable particles through the dissociation of the source material, a film that contains compounds of different combinations of molybdenum, silicon, and oxygen atoms is produced. This complex structure’s lithiation mechanism is different from that of the traditional electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. In the paper, the nanostructured Si–Mo–O anode was cycled in different potential windows (0.2–1.2 V, 0.2–3.0 V, 5 mV–3.0 V vs. lithium) at different rates. The anode remained cycling even at 0.7 mA cm−2, which makes it practical for micro- and solid-state battery applications. This research reveals that by adjusting the cutoff voltages, different particles could be activated in the anode structure to react with lithium, resulting in different performances. The electrode delivers higher capacity when cycled between 5 mV and 3.0 V windows and keeps cycling for 200 cycles under the load of 5 µA cm−2. This performance is believed to be related to the structural, morphological, and the compositional properties of the coating.

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Acknowledgement

The author thanks Prof. Dr. Özgül Keleş, Dr. Levent Eryilmaz, and Dr. Robert Erck for their contributions to the study. Also to be thanked are Prof. Dr. Mehmet Ali Gülgüt, Prof. Dr. Gültekin Göller, Meltem Sezen, and Hüseyin Sezer for their help in material characterization. K.A. gratefully acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, 34810, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey

    B. Deniz Karahan

  2. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA

    K. Amine

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  1. B. Deniz Karahan
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  2. K. Amine
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Correspondence to B. Deniz Karahan.

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Karahan, B.D., Amine, K. Engineering self-standing Si–Mo–O based nanostructure arrays as anodes for new era lithium-ion batteries. J Appl Electrochem 49, 671–680 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-019-01319-w

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