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Comparison of oxidized carbon nanotubes for Li-ion storage capacity

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Abstract

Oxidized carbon nanotubes, oxCNTs, were formed when multi-walled carbon nanotubes were treated by chemical oxidation with acidic potassium permanganate. The synthesis and characterization of oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes of five diameter ranges for use as anode materials in lithium-ion battery applications is detailed herein. Thermogravimetric analysis and typical spectroscopic methods confirmed extensive oxidation, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy comparisons provided quantification of specific components. Images from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy indicated a change in structure associated with the oxidation as X-ray diffraction peaks indicated broadening interplanar spacing. This study confirmed that the oxidative process successfully led to oxCNTs, with a reversible capacity demonstratively higher than their parent multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Higher capacities were demonstrated in smaller-diameter oxCNTs, and associated with structural and compositional differences between the samples.

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Notes

  1. A vigorous preliminary mixing of the components was done as follows: 120 min sulfuric acid and MWCNTs, 60 min with added phosphoric acid, 60 min with added potassium permanganate.

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Acknowledgments

We also wish to thank Dr. Xudong Fan at the Center for Advanced Microscopy at Michigan State University for high-resolution TEM imaging, Dr. Haiping Sun at University of Michigan’s EMAL for XPS sample processing, and Phil Oshel at Central Michigan University’s Microscopy Lab for support of imaging and processing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA

    Aleks Antic, Veronica Barone & Bradley D. Fahlman

  2. Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA

    Veronica Barone

  3. Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA

    Bradley D. Fahlman

Authors
  1. Aleks Antic
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  2. Veronica Barone
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  3. Bradley D. Fahlman
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Veronica Barone or Bradley D. Fahlman.

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Antic, A., Barone, V. & Fahlman, B.D. Comparison of oxidized carbon nanotubes for Li-ion storage capacity. J Appl Electrochem 45, 161–167 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-014-0784-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-014-0784-x

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