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Vitreous IL-8 and VEGF levels in diabetic macular edema with or without subretinal fluid

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the cytokine levels in vitreous samples of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients in comparison with nondiabetic patients, and to evaluate the effect of subretinal fluid on the cytokine levels of vitreous samples.

Methods

In this prospective case–control study, 11 eyes of 11 patients with DME and subretinal fluid, 11 eyes of 11 patients with DME without subretinal fluid, and 14 eyes of 14 patients who had undergone vitreoretinal surgery for the epiretinal membrane or a macular hole (control group) were evaluated. The blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, vitreous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were determined.

Results

The vitreous VEGF level of patients in DME groups was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001) without significant difference between DME patients with and without subretinal fluid (p = 0.796). The vitreous IL-8 level of DME patients with subretinal fluid was significantly higher than both control (p = 0.002) and DME without subretinal fluid groups (p = 0.019). The blood HbA1c level was significantly higher in DME group with subretinal fluid than those without subretinal fluid (8.7 ± 1.32 and 7.1 ± 1.13%, respectively, p = 0.010). The only significant correlation was between vitreous VEGF level and blood HbA1c level in DME patients without subretinal fluid (r = 0.813, p = 0.002).

Conclusions

IL-8 level in vitreous samples was higher in DME patients with subretinal fluid than those without subretinal fluid, suggesting that inflammation is an important factor in the progression of DME leading to the subretinal fluid formation in diabetic patients.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Kocaeli University Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit (KOU-BAP: Project Number: 2014/83-84HD, 2015/49-50HD). Institutional Review Board Approval Number: KOÜ KAEK 2014/155.

Funding

This study was supported by Kocaeli University Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit (KOU-BAP: Project Number: 2014/83-84HD, 2015/49-50HD).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Kocaeli State Hospital, 41100, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Fatih Yenihayat

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey

    Berna Özkan

  3. DEKART Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University Medical School, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Murat Kasap, Nil Güzel & Gürler Akpınar

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, Kocaeli University Medical School, Kocaeli, Turkey

    V. Levent Karabaş & Dilara Pirhan

Authors
  1. Fatih Yenihayat
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  2. Berna Özkan
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  3. Murat Kasap
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  4. V. Levent Karabaş
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  5. Nil Güzel
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  6. Gürler Akpınar
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Correspondence to Fatih Yenihayat.

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Conflict of interest

All the authors declared that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional ethical committee with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Institutional Review Board Approval Number: KOÜ KAEK 2014/155.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Yenihayat, F., Özkan, B., Kasap, M. et al. Vitreous IL-8 and VEGF levels in diabetic macular edema with or without subretinal fluid. Int Ophthalmol 39, 821–828 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-018-0874-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-018-0874-6

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