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Efficacy and safety of extemporaneously prepared miconazole eye drops in Candida albicans-induced keratomycosis

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Abstract

Purpose

Extemporaneously prepared miconazole eye drops (EPMD) are used by some eye care practitioners to manage keratomycosis in Ghana. This study therefore aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of EPMD using in vitro and in vivo experimental models.

Methods

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EPMD was determined by the agar-well diffusion method. In vivo, the activity of EPMD on corneal ulcer, neovascularization, clouding, edema, carring and on keratomycotic conjunctivitis and corneal scarring (clinical features) associated with Candida albicans-induced keratomycosis in rabbits was determined by treating them with 0.034–1.08% (weight-in-volume) EPMD for a period of 30 days. The safety of EPMD on the healthy eye was determined by instilling various concentrations into the intact eye of the rabbits.

Results

The MIC of EPMD on Candida albicans was 1.08% (zone of inhibition of 13 mm ± 0.578), which resulted in significantly better improvements (p ≤ 0.001) in clinical findings than eyes treated with sterile water (p > 0.05), and showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) compared to eyes treated with 0.3% fluconazole. There were no visible signs of ocular toxicity on instilling it into healthy eyes of rabbits.

Conclusion

The extemporaneously prepared miconazole eye drops are effective and safe to use in keratomycosis.

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Funding

This study was funded solely by the authors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

    Linda Gyanfosu, George Asumeng Koffuor, Kwabena Peprah-Donkor, Wilson Bright Nyansah & Frederick Asare

  2. St. Michael’s Catholic Hospital, Pramso, Bosomtwe District, Ashanti Region, Ghana

    Linda Gyanfosu & Ben Ababio-Danso

  3. Department of Optometry, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana

    Samuel Kyei

Authors
  1. Linda Gyanfosu
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  2. George Asumeng Koffuor
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  3. Samuel Kyei
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  4. Ben Ababio-Danso
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  5. Kwabena Peprah-Donkor
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  6. Wilson Bright Nyansah
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  7. Frederick Asare
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to George Asumeng Koffuor.

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Conflict of interest

All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest whatsoever.

Ethical approval

All activities performed during the studies conformed to accepted principles for laboratory animal use and care (EU directive of 1986: 86/609/EEC) and the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Statement for Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research. Institutional guidelines regarding animal experimentation in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, were followed. Biosafety guidelines for protection of personnel in the laboratory were observed. The project was approved by the animal research review committee of the pharmacology laboratory at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST (Ethics Reference No: FPPS/PCOL/011/2013).

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Gyanfosu, L., Koffuor, G.A., Kyei, S. et al. Efficacy and safety of extemporaneously prepared miconazole eye drops in Candida albicans-induced keratomycosis. Int Ophthalmol 38, 2089–2100 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-017-0707-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-017-0707-z

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