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Significant action of Tridax procumbens L. leaf extract on reducing the TNF-α and COX-2 gene expressions in induced inflammation site in Swiss albino mice

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Abstract

The leaves of traditionally used herbal plant Tridax procumbens L. contain lots of phytochemicals having potency to reduce inflammation. In this study, the ethanol extract of the leaves of Tridax procumbens L. was analysed for the phytochemicals by GC–MS. The anti-inflammatory activity was then studied with the extract of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg b.wt in carrageenan-induced mice model by measuring the inflammatory oedema and by analysing the histopathology. The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and COX2 genes were studied in the inflammatory site to explore the molecular action by reverse transcription PCR and qPCR analyses. A significant (P ≤ 0.01) reduction in mice paw inflammation and a recovered histology were observed in treated groups when compared to control group in 24 h. The RT-PCR results showed a significant (P ≤ 0.01) decrease in the expression levels of TNF-α and COX2 in terms of band density in treated mice compared to control group. The qPCR RQ values also were decreased in treated groups with respect to increasing doses (RQ values of 18.985 ± 0.230, 12.140 ± 1.121, 6.718 ± 0.807 for TNF-α and 15.583 ± 1.043, 7.725 ± 1.013, 5.075 ± 0.615 for COX2, respectively for the three doses) in comparison with the control group (TNF-α 27.107 ± 2.254, COX2 20.626 ± 1.477). Tridax procumbens L. can be, thus, used for the development of a safe, natural, anti-inflammatory drug as it showed a strong inhibitory action on inflammation by acting at molecular level.

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Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank the Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, for funding this work in the form of seed money under the Short Term Research Grant (STRG). We also acknowledge the DST and DBT for partially supporting with chemicals required for gene expression studies.

Funding

This study was funded by Karunya Short Term Research Grant (REG/IQ/O/4264) and partially facilitated by Department of Science and Technology, SERB (SB/YS/LS-252/2013), and Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (DT/PR 14632/NNT/28/824/2015) funded projects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India

    V. M. Berlin Grace, S. Viswanathan, S. Jagadish Kumar, K. Sahana & E. F. Maria Arbin

  2. School of Science, Arts, Media and Management (SSAMM), Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India

    D. David Wilson

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007, India

    Jini Narayanan

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  1. V. M. Berlin Grace
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  2. S. Viswanathan
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  4. S. Jagadish Kumar
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  5. K. Sahana
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  6. E. F. Maria Arbin
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Correspondence to V. M. Berlin Grace.

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Berlin Grace, V.M., Viswanathan, S., David Wilson, D. et al. Significant action of Tridax procumbens L. leaf extract on reducing the TNF-α and COX-2 gene expressions in induced inflammation site in Swiss albino mice. Inflammopharmacol 28, 929–938 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-019-00634-0

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