Abstract
The viscosities of molten alkaline-earth fluorides \((\hbox {MgF}_{2}, \hbox {CaF}_{2}, \hbox {SrF}_{2},\) \(\hbox {BaF}_{2})\) were measured using the oscillating crucible method, which is especially suitable for measuring molten salts with low viscosity. The results showed a good Arrhenius linearity over a wide temperature range. The measured viscosities and activation energies increased in the following order: \(\hbox {MgF}_{2} < \hbox {CaF}_{2} < \hbox {BaF}_{2} < \hbox {SrF}_{2}\). Judging by the charge density, the viscosity of alkaline-earth fluorides should increase from molten \(\hbox {BaF}_{2}\) to \(\hbox {MgF}_{2}\). However, the results indicate a different tendency, which may be explained by a Coulomb force that is very strong. The low viscosity of \(\hbox {MgF}_{2}\) can be attributed to a decreased cohesive force, due to a partial loss of the Coulomb force caused by a higher charge density of the material. The viscosities were also compared to those of molten alkali fluorides and alkaline-earth chlorides. The viscosities of molten alkaline-earth fluorides were higher than those of molten alkali fluorides and alkaline-earth chlorides. The \(\hbox {CaF}_{2 }\) viscosity determined in this study was compared to literature values and showed a reasonable value in the relatively low-viscosity region.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K.C. Mills, Slag Atlas, vol. 2 (Verlag Stahleisen GmbH, Düsseldorf, 1995), p. 359
I. Barin, Thermochemical Data of Pure Substances (VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim, 1989)
T. Ejima, Y. Sato, S. Yaegashi, T. Kijima, E. Takeuchi, K. Tamai, J. Jpn. Inst. Met. 51, 328 (1987)
T. Ejima, K. Shimakage, Y. Sato, N. Okuda, N. Kumada, A. Ishigaki, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 6, 961 (1982)
T. Ejima, K. Iwasaki, G. Saito, J. Jpn. Inst. Met. 41, 784 (1977)
O. Takeda, K. Yanagase, Y. Anbo, M. Aono, Y. Hoshino, Y. Sato, submitted to Int. J. Thermophys
Y. Sato, Y. Kameda, T. Nagasawa, T. Sakamoto, S. Moriguchi, T. Yamamura, Y. Waseda, J. Cryst. Growth 249, 404 (2003)
R. Roscoe, Proc. Phys. Soc. 72, 576 (1958)
Y. Sato, T. Nishizuka, K. Hara, T. Yamamura, Y. Waseda, Int. J. Thermophys. 21, 1463 (2000)
Y. Sato, T. Ejima, M. Fukasawa, K. Abe, J. Phys. Chem. 94, 1991 (1990)
K. Torklep, H.A. Oye, J. Chem. Eng. Data 27, 387 (1982)
L. Schwerin, Metals Alloys 5, 118 (1934)
V.V. Podgayetski, Avtomaticeskaja Svarka 9, 30 (1956)
T. Baak, Physical Chemistry of Steelmaking (Wiley, New York, 1958), pp. 84–86
V.V. Stepanov, B.E. Lopaev, S.V. Stengelmeier, Autom. Weld. 18, 31 (1965)
V.K. Kulifeev, V.I. Panchishni, G.P. Stanolevich, Izv. VUZ Chern. Met. 2, 116 (1968)
G.I. Zhmoidin, Russ. Metall. Metally 6, 5 (1969)
M.W. Davies, F.A. Wright, Chem. Ind. 14, 359 (1970)
G.P. Vyatkin, V.Y. Mischenko, V.K. Gerasimov, Teoria Metallurgicheskikh Protsessov, vol. 1 (Metallurgizdat, Moscow, 1974)
K. Ogino, J. Nishiwaki, H. Onishi, Nippon Tekko Kyokai 73 (1979)
T. Yanagase, K. Morinaga, Y. Ohta, T. Aiura, in Proceedings of 2nd Int. Conf. on Metall. Slags and Fluxes (Met. Soc. AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1984), pp. 995–1004
E.A. Kapustin, N.T. Shevelev, V.N. Gladkii, Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Metally 5, 52 (1985)
The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (ed.), in Handbook for Physical Properties of Molten Iron and Slag (The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 1972), p. 33
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Takeda, O., Hoshino, Y., Anbo, Y. et al. Viscosity of Molten Alkaline-Earth Fluorides. Int J Thermophys 36, 648–657 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-014-1828-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-014-1828-5