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Leukocyte Infiltration Triggers Seizure Recurrence in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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Abstract

Epilepsy, which affects about 1 % of the population worldwide, leads to poor prognosis and increased morbidity. However, effective drugs providing satisfactory control on seizure relapse were rare, which encouraged more etiological studies. Whether inflammation is one of key events underlying seizure is in debate. In order to explore the role of inflammatory in the pathogenesis and development of epilepsy, we conducted intra-caudal vein injection of leukocytes to aggravated brain inflammatory process in kainic acid-induced seizure model in this study. The results showed that intravenous administration of activated leukocytes increased the frequency and reduced the latent phase of seizure recurrences in rat models of epileptic seizure, during which leukocyte inflammation, brain–blood barrier damage, and neuron injury were also significantly aggravated, indicating that leukocyte infiltration might facilitate seizure recurrence through aggravating brain inflammation, brain–blood barrier damage, and neuron injury.

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Abbreviations

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

CD:

Cluster of differentiation

CNS:

Central nervous system

DAB:

Diaminobenzidine

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

HRP:

Horseradish peroxidase

ICAM-1:

Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1

PSGL-1:

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1

PVDF:

Polyvinylidene fluoride

SDS-PAGE:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

TLE:

Temporal lobe epilepsy

ZO-1:

Zona occludens 1 (tight junction protein 1)

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Contract grant number 81271441). The authors are grateful to Sibo Liu for completing the data collection and analysis.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

      Zanhua Liu, Suping Wang & Yi Liu

    2. NO.2 VIP ward, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

      Jinjie Liu

    3. Department of Neurology, The Shanghai First People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University, 85 Wujin Road, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China

      Feng Wang & Yongbo Zhao

    Authors
    1. Zanhua Liu
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    2. Suping Wang
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    3. Jinjie Liu
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    4. Feng Wang
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    6. Yongbo Zhao
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    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Yongbo Zhao.

    Additional information

    Suping Wang and Zanhua Liu contributed equally to this work.

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    Liu, Z., Wang, S., Liu, J. et al. Leukocyte Infiltration Triggers Seizure Recurrence in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Inflammation 39, 1090–1098 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0340-4

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0340-4

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