Abstract
Baicalein has been used for many years as a popular antiviral and antibacterial in China. Recent investigations revealed that baicalein also has anti-inflammatory activities. Our results indicated that baicalein increases ERE-luciferase activity in an estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent manner when either ERα or ERβ were coexpressed in Hela cells. This study examined whether baicalein exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in RAW264.7 cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway and through regulation of NF-ĸB activation. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells, baicalein exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α mRNA expression; NO production; as well as inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, PGE2, and TNF-α) production through an ER-dependent pathway. These effects are accompanied with the inhibition of the transcription factor NF-ĸB activation and IκBα phosphorylation. We therefore conclude that baicalein inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production via regulation of the NF-ĸB pathway and estrogen-like activity, suggesting that it may be useful for preventing inflammation-related diseases.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful for the financial support from the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2012CB518400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81001659, 81273891), National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (81125024), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT1276), and Technology major projects (2012ZX09103201-046).
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The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest.
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Fan, GW., Zhang, Y., Jiang, X. et al. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Baicalein in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages via Estrogen Receptor and NF-κB-Dependent Pathways. Inflammation 36, 1584–1591 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-013-9703-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-013-9703-2