Abstract
Advances in quantum information processing can open a way for their numerous applications in various fields of science and technology: communication, precision measurement, computing, nano-scale detectors, and sensors. Solid state with nucleus spins-1/2 is one of the natural bases for creation of a system of the interacting qubits. It was theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed that logical gates can be realized using quantum states of a single nucleus with a spin I > 1/2. In the present paper we consider representation of a quadrupole spin-3/2 and 7/2 as well as a diatomic molecule as systems of interacting fictitious spins-1/2. It is shown that the Hamiltonians of these systems contain terms describing multi-body interactions and constants of these interactions depend on the applied magnetic field. Considering the fictitious spins as qubits influence of the unique properties of the systems on concurrence is analyzed. The representation of the molecule as a fictitious spin-1/2 system allows us to consider the bipartite concurrences between qubits formatted by the molecule states. The dependence of the concurrences on the magnetic field and its frequency can be used at development of methods to control qubit states and to realize computing protocols. Representation of spins I > 1/2 and their systems as systems of interacting fictitious spins-1/2 can be used at the investigation of properties of complex systems and realization of quantum computation.
References
Ladd, T.D., Jelezko, F., Laflamme, R., Nakamura, Y., Monroe, C., O’Brien, J.L.: Quantum computers. Nature 464, 45–53 (2010)
Feynman, R.: Simulating physics with computers. Int. J. Theoretical Phys. 21, 467 (1982)
Cory, D.G., Fahmy, A.F., Havel, T.F.: Ensemble quantum computing by NMR spectroscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 634–1639 (1997)
Gershenfeld, N.A., Chuang, I.L.: Bulk spin-resonance quantum computation. Science 275, 350–356 (1997)
Jones, J.A.: NMR quantum computation. Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. 38, 325–360 (2001)
Lee, J.-S., Khitrin, A.K.: Pseudopure state of a twelve-spin system. J. Chem. Phys. 122, 041101 (2005)
Lee, J.-S., Khitrin, A.K.: Twelve-spin Schrodinger cat. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 204109 (2005)
Negrevergne, C., Mahesh, T.S., Ryan, C.A., et al.: Benchmarking quantum control methods on a 12-qubit system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 170501 (2006)
Kessel, A.R., Ermakov, V.L.: Multiqubit spin. JETP Lett. 70, 61–65 (1999)
Kessel, A.R., Ermakov, V.L.: Physical implementation of three-qubit gates on a separate quantum particle. JETP Lett. 71, 307–309 (2000)
Furman, G.B., Goren, S.D.: Pure NQR Quantum Computing, . Z. Naturforsch. 57a, 315–319 (2002)
Furman, G.B., Goren, S.D., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Two qubits in pure nuclear quadrupole resonance. J. Phys. : Condens. Matter 14, 8715–8723 (2002)
Khitrin, A.K., Fung, B.M.: NMR quantum logic gates using quadrupolar nuclei. J. Chem. Phys. 112, 6963 (2000)
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Single spin entanglement. Quantum. Inf. Process 16, 206 (2017)
Furman, G.B., Goren, S.D., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Fictitious spin-1/2 operators and correlations in quadrupole nuclear spin system. Int. J. Quantum Inform. 16, 1850008 (2018)
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L., Kozyrev, A.B.: Quantum and classical correlations in three qubit spin. Quantum. Inf. Process. 18, 66 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-019-2189-6
Shor, P.: Algorithms for quantum computation: Discrete logarithms and factoring. In: Proceedings of 35th annual symposium on the foundations of computer science, pp. 124–134. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (1994)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G., Crepeau, C., Jozsa, R., Peres, A., Wootters, W.K.: Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels. Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1895 (1993)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G.: Quantum cryptography: Public-key distribution and coin tossing. In: Proc. IEEE int. conference on computers, systems and signal processing IEEE, New York, pp. 175–179 (1984)
Das, T.P., Hahn, E.L.: Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy. Academic Press, New York and London (1958)
Smith, J.A.S.: Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy. J. Chem. Education 48, 39–49 (1971)
Abragam, A.: The principles of nuclear magnetism. Oxford Clarendon Press, Oxford (1961)
Wootters, W.K.: Entanglement of formation of an arbitrary state of two qubits. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2245 (1998)
Yurishchev, M.A.: Entanglement entropy fluctuations in quantum Ising chains. JETP 111, 525 (2010)
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Entanglement in dipolar coupling spin system in equilibrium state. Quantum Inf. Process. 10, 307–315 (2011)
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Adiabatic demagnetization and generation of entanglement in spin systems. Phys. Lett. A376, 925–929 (2012)
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Entanglement of dipolar coupling spins. Quantum Inf. Process. 11, 1603–1617 (2012)
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L.: Fading entanglement near an equilibrium state. Phys. Rev. A 86, 032336 (2012)
Goldman, M.: Spin temperature and nuclear resonance in solids. Oxford Clarendon Press, Oxford (1970)
Awodey, S.: Isomorphisms. Category theory. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2006)
Amico, L., Fazio, R., Osterloh, A., Vedral, V.: Entanglement in many-body systems. Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 517 (2008)
Horodecki, R., Horodecki, P., Horodecki, M., Horodecki, K.: Quantum entanglement. Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 885 (2009)
Teles, J., Rivera-Ascona, C., Polli, R.S., Oliveira-Silva, R., Vidoto, E.L.G., Andreeta, J.P., Bonagamba, T.J.: Experimental implementation of quantum information processing by Zeeman-perturbed nuclear quadrupole resonance. Quantum. Inf. Process. 14, 1889–1906 (2015)
Khitrin, A.K., Fung, B.M.: NMR simulation of an eight-state quantum system. Phys. Rev. A 64, 032306 (2001)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by grant from Ohalo College Science Committee. ABK thanks the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for support within the framework of Research and development in priority areas of advancement of the Russian scientific and technological complex for 2014-2020, agreement No. 14.608.21.0002 of 27.10.2015 (unique number of agreement RFMEFI60815X0002).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Proceedings of the International Conference on Hyperfine Interactions and their Applications (HYPERFINE 2019), Goa, India, 10-15 February 2019
Edited by S. N. Mishra, P. L. Paulose and R. Palit
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Furman, G.B., Meerovich, V.M., Sokolovsky, V.L. et al. Robust solid-state qubits based on nuclear quadrupole resonance technique. Hyperfine Interact 240, 24 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-019-1567-x
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-019-1567-x