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A pre-Columbian copper alloy smelting furnace: Mössbauer and XRD study of the firing conditions

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Abstract

Samples from a pre-Columbian furnace used for copper alloy smelting on the Pampa de Chaparrí in northern Peru during the Middle to Late Sicán Period (AD 900–1375) were studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence. The data thus obtained allow conclusions as to the temperatures and oxidation-reduction conditions prevaling at different positions inside the furnace during the smelting process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA

    F. M. Hayashida

  2. School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0030, USA

    D. Killick

  3. Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA

    I. Shimada

  4. Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85747, Garching, Germany

    W. Häusler, F. E. Wagner & U. Wagner

Authors
  1. F. M. Hayashida
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  2. D. Killick
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  3. I. Shimada
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  4. W. Häusler
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  5. F. E. Wagner
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  6. U. Wagner
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to U. Wagner.

Additional information

Proceedings of the Thirteenth Latin American Conference on the Applications of the Mössbauer Effect, (LACAME 2012), Medellín, Columbia, 11–16 November 2012

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Hayashida, F.M., Killick, D., Shimada, I. et al. A pre-Columbian copper alloy smelting furnace: Mössbauer and XRD study of the firing conditions. Hyperfine Interact 224, 161–170 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-013-0762-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-013-0762-4

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