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Predicting the dynamics of taxonomic and functional phytoplankton compositions in different global warming scenarios

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Abstract

It is important to predict how phytoplankton will respond to global warming, as changes in their composition can affect ecosystem functions. We evaluated the effect of water warming on the taxonomic and functional composition of phytoplankton and on chemical characteristics that affect their occurrence, such as dissolved oxygen, pH and conductivity. Microcosms were constructed outdoors and monitored over time. The temperature was manipulated to simulate different scenarios predicted for the future. Warming caused a reduction in dissolved oxygen, while the pH and conductivity remained unchanged. We found a joint effect of temperature and time on chlorophyll-a as well as on the species and functional groups. The substitution of species and groups occurred in a similar way between treatments. However, a greater number of Cyanophyceae individuals were found at higher temperatures, while Bacillariophyceae and Euglenophyceae species were found more commonly in the lower warming treatments. These results indicate that warming altered the taxonomic and functional composition of phytoplankton, causing species substitution as well as a change in their functional characteristics, which led to the predominance of small organisms. Thus, contribute to predicting how an increase in temperature might alter the patterns of dominance, homogenization and community dynamics in future warming scenarios.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil (CAPES)–Finance Code 001. JCN thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) by research productivity grant. This paper is developed in the context of National Institutes for Science and Technology (INCT) in Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation, supported by MCTIC/CNpq (proc. 465610/2014-5) and Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG). We thank the colleagues at the Laboratory of Biogeography and Aquatic Ecology of the Goiás State University for help in construction and filling microcosms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II/UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil

    Karine Borges Machado

  2. Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Campus Planaltina, Área Universitária 1, Vila Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, CEP 73345-010, Brazil

    Ludgero Cardoso Galli Vieira

  3. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Anápolis, Goiás, CEP 75132-903, Brazil

    João Carlos Nabout

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  1. Karine Borges Machado
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  2. Ludgero Cardoso Galli Vieira
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  3. João Carlos Nabout
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Correspondence to Karine Borges Machado.

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Machado, K.B., Vieira, L.C.G. & Nabout, J.C. Predicting the dynamics of taxonomic and functional phytoplankton compositions in different global warming scenarios. Hydrobiologia 830, 115–134 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3858-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3858-7

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