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Influence of rainfall, hydrological fluctuations, and lunar phase on spawning migration timing of the Neotropical fish Prochilodus costatus

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Abstract

The arrival of the rains and the hydrological changes they cause are essential in the reproductive cycle of Neotropical migratory fishes, but their association with the onset of migration is still poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the role played by rainfall, hydrological changes, and the lunar cycle as triggers for migration of Prochilodus costatus (Prochilodontidae) in the upper São Francisco River, Brazil. In total, 132 individuals were fitted with radiotelemetry transmitters over three consecutive spawning seasons. Spawning migration began with the onset of the rains from late September to mid-December. Individuals exhibited a strong preference for initiating migration at the beginning of the rainy season, when river discharge is low, in days with positive changes in water level, and at times of new or waxing moon. The fraction of the population that initiates migration each year appears to be dependent on rainfall, indicating that P. costatus may be a partial migrant. The results show that P. costatus and, possibly, other migratory Neotropical fish, rely on different but interconnected environmental cues to trigger their spawning migration, ensuring that individuals migrate in time to reach their spawning grounds and find appropriate environmental conditions for spawning.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais/Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica Research and Development program for financial support. Paulo Santos Pompeu was awarded a productivity research Grant by CNPq/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq No. 304002/2014-3) and a Minas Gerais State Researcher Grant by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG PPM-00608/15). Capture and tagging license was granted by the Ministry of Environment (MMA). The authors thank Francisco Ricardo Andrade Neto and Luiz Magnago for statistical support and also Fabiano O. Silva who kindly provided fish capture and tagging photos. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that greatly helped to improve this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aplicada, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Universitário, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil

    João de Magalhães Lopes & Paulo Santos Pompeu

  2. Bio-Ambiental Consultoria, Rua Rio de Janeiro, 1758/902, Lourdes, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30160-042, Brazil

    Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves

  3. Cemig Geração e Transmissão S.A., Av. Barbacena, 1200, Santo Agostinho, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190-131, Brazil

    Alexandre Peressin

Authors
  1. João de Magalhães Lopes
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  2. Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves
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  3. Alexandre Peressin
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  4. Paulo Santos Pompeu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to João de Magalhães Lopes.

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Handling editor: I. A. Nagelkerken

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10750_2018_3601_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Figure 1. Fish capture and tagging. a) Fishermen using a cast net on the Pará River. b) Net pen deployed in the Pará River. c) Surgical tagging procedure. d) Tag insertion. Photos: Carlos B. M. Alves and Fabiano O. Silva. Supplementary material 1 (TIFF 1357 kb)

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de Magalhães Lopes, J., Alves, C.B.M., Peressin, A. et al. Influence of rainfall, hydrological fluctuations, and lunar phase on spawning migration timing of the Neotropical fish Prochilodus costatus. Hydrobiologia 818, 145–161 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3601-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3601-4

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