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Influence of local-scale abiotic and biotic factors on stress and nutrition in invasive silver carp

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Abstract

Community structure and dynamics in aquatic ecosystems are influenced by a variety of abiotic and biotic factors including productivity, species composition, and temperature. These factors may also affect local-scale community resilience to nonnative species invasions. We used habitat characteristics, zooplankton concentrations, fish abundances, and species composition and richness data collected by two fish population monitoring programs to define relationships that influence stress and nutrition in invasive silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). We collected blood samples and quantified nutritional (alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, protein, and triglycerides) and stress metrics (cortisol and glucose) from individuals across three distinct time periods. Nutritional patterns in silver carp were explained by temperature and food resources, indicating elevated feeding in warmer months. Patterns in blood-based stress parameters were most strongly driven by environmental characteristics, elevating with high water temperatures and increased turbidity. Nutrient levels and community richness parameters did not influence the stress or condition of silver carp, likely due to the absence of limiting resources or competition for this species. Together, our results provide insights into the factors that may influence the spread and distribution of silver carp, as well as the characteristics of habitats that could be vulnerable to future silver carp invasion.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Federal Aid in Sportfish Restoration Project [F-101-R]. This research was also supported by the University of Illinois Graduate College: College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences: and Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences. The authors thank the staff of the Illinois Natural History Survey’s Illinois River Biological Station, The Long-Term Illinois, Mississippi, Ohio, and Wabash Rivers Fish Population Monitoring Program, and the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center.

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  1. Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S. Oak Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA

    Stephanie A. Liss

  2. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 3110 Trout Lake Station Drive Boulder Junction, Madison, WI, 54512, USA

    Greg G. Sass

  3. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Stephanie A. Liss & Cory D. Suski

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  1. Stephanie A. Liss
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Liss, S.A., Sass, G.G. & Suski, C.D. Influence of local-scale abiotic and biotic factors on stress and nutrition in invasive silver carp. Hydrobiologia 736, 1–15 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1880-y

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