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Use of plant products and copepods for control of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti

  • ZOOPLANKTON ECOLOGY
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Abstract

The efficacy of plant extracts (neem tree, Azadirachta indica A. Juss.; Meliaceae) and copepods [Mesocyclops aspericornis (Daday)] for the control of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti L. was tested in the laboratory. Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) at 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm caused significant mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae. Lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) were worked out. The LC50 and LC90 values for I to IV larval instars were 111.98, 138.34, 158.93, 185.22 ppm and for pupae was 146.13 ppm, respectively. The LC90 value of I instar was 372.95 ppm, II instar was 422.77 ppm, III instar was 440.63 ppm, IV instar was 456.96 ppm, and pupae was 476.92 ppm, respectively. A study was conducted to test the whether the predatory efficiency of copepods on first instars changed in the presence of NSKE. The percentage of predatory efficiency of copepod was 6.80% in treatments without NSKE and the percentage of predatory efficiency increased up to 8.40% when copepods were combined with NSKE. This increase in predation efficiency may caused by detrimental effects of the neem active principle compound (Azadirachtin) on the mosquito larvae. Our results suggest that the combined application of copepods and neem extract to control Aedes populations is feasible. Repeated application of neem does not cause changes in copepod populations, because neem is highly degradable in the environment.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Professor William Walton, Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, USA for critically going through the manuscript and Dr. Y. Ranga Reddy, Department of Zoology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Andhra Pradesh, India for the identification of Copepods for our experiment. We acknowledge the financial support from National Science Council, Taiwan grant no. NSC 98-2621-B-019-001-MY3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India

    K. Murugan, K. Kovendan, K. Prasanna Kumar, C. Vasugi & A. Naresh Kumar

  2. Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202-24, Taiwan

    Jiang-Shiou Hwang

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  1. K. Murugan
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  2. Jiang-Shiou Hwang
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Correspondence to Jiang-Shiou Hwang.

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Guest editors: J.-S. Hwang and K. Martens / Zooplankton Behavior and Ecology

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Murugan, K., Hwang, JS., Kovendan, K. et al. Use of plant products and copepods for control of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti . Hydrobiologia 666, 331–338 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0629-0

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