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Ostracod-based environmental reconstruction over the last 8,400 years of Nam Co Lake on the Tibetan plateau

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Abstract

From a 332-cm long lacustrine core taken at 60 m water depth and 25 surface sediment samples taken at different water depth sites in Nam Co lake (4,718 m a.s.l.) in the middle-south part of the Tibetan Plateau, we identified nine species of ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) belonging to six genera. Using lithological data, auto-ecological information of the recovered taxa and an ostracod-based transfer function for water depth reconstruction, we distinguished three main environmental stages over the past 8,400 years: during Stage I (8,400–6,800 yr BP), the climate changed from warm-humid to cold-humid, and eventually to cold-arid. The water depth of the site was much lower than today and changed from an estimated 50 to 20–30 m. During Stage II (6,800–2,900 yr BP), environmental conditions were again warm-humid, turning into a cold-arid episode. The lake water depth initially stayed much shallower than today, but then gradually deepened to around 50 m. At the earlier period of Stage III (2,900 yr BP–present), the climate became again warm-humid from cold-arid status. There was a cold-dry event between 1,700 and 1,500 yr BP, which intensified afterward while the surface run off weakened. Early in this stage, lake depth decreased slightly, but then it continuously deepened to 60 m. Our results revealed that central Tibet experienced wavily warm toward tendency in early Holocene, a shift from warm-humid to cold-dry conditions in the middle Holocene, and from warm-humid to cold-dry conditions in the late Holocene. They also show that ostracod assemblages are not only indicative of cold-warm conditions, but are also usable to imply the dry–wet status of a lake area by the inferring water depth variations. Finally, this study provides baseline data on (natural) climate change in this mountain region against which to compare global change impacts.

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Acknowledgments

This work was jointly supported by the China National Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2005CB422002), the NSFC project (Grant No. 40871099), the CAS project (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-146-4), and the Sino-German TiP Program. The authors would like to thank Mr. Xiugao Zhou from China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, and Dr. Steffen Mischke from the Institute of Paleontology, Free University of Berlin for their help with ostracod identification. We also thank Mrs. Margaret Joyner from Florida University for improving the English style of the first version. Great thanks must be given to the guest editor, Dr. Hilde Eggermont, for her patience and kindness to improve our paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China

    Liping Zhu, Ping Peng & Junbo Wang

  2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Ping Peng

  3. Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650092, China

    Manping Xie

  4. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany

    Peter Frenzel

  5. Institut für Umweltgeologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Pockelsstr. 3, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany

    Claudia Wrozyna & Antje Schwalb

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Guest editors: Hilde Eggermont, Martin Kernan & Koen Martens / Global change impacts on mountain lakes

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Zhu, L., Peng, P., Xie, M. et al. Ostracod-based environmental reconstruction over the last 8,400 years of Nam Co Lake on the Tibetan plateau. Hydrobiologia 648, 157–174 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0149-3

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