Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Fire Management in a Natural Protected Area: What Do Key Local Actors Say?

  • Published:
Human Ecology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Public policies on fire in forest ecosystems are changing from fire-fighting and suppression to an integrated management approach that incorporates ecological and social considerations. However, policy implementation is usually directed by central governments without considering local actors. We identified key local actors in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. This is an important natural protected area of high socio-environmental complexity and the overwintering sites of monarch butterfly that migrate from Canada and United States every year. We applied network and grounded theories to analyze qualitative information derived from semi-structured interviews with 28 key local actors including government employees, local inhabitants, non-governmental organization and academic personnel. We identified actors who play essential roles in local fire management. Aside from fire-fighting, local actors engage in fire prevention, habitat restoration, research, training, planning, coordination, and communication activities that are specific to a spatial, temporal, institutional, and environmental context of fire management. The incorporation of the concepts that local actors associate with fire knowledge, behavior, and regimes would result in better planning for fire management in the short, medium, and long-term.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Absher J. D., Vaske J. J., and Bright A. D. (2008). Basic beliefs, attitudes, and social norms regarding wildland fire management in southern California. In Chavez D. J., Absher J. D. And winter L. (Eds), fire social science research from the pacific southwest research station: Studies supported by national fire plan funds. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSWGTR-209. Albany, CA, USA. pp 45–56.

  • Agee J. K. (1993). Fire ecology of the Pacific northwest forest. Island press. Washington, D.C. p 493.

  • Bilbao, B. A., Leal, A. V., and Méndez, A. L. (2010). Indigenous use of fire and forest loss in Canaima National Park, Venezuela. Assessment of and tools for alternative strategies of fire management in Pemón indigenous lands. Human Ecology 38: 663–673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-010-9344-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bird, D. W., Bird, R. B., and Parker, C. H. (2005). Aboriginal burning regimes and hunting strategies in Australia’s Western Desert. Human Ecology 33(4): 443–464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-005-5155-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bosomworth, K., Handmer, J., and Thornton, R. (2015). The role of social science in the governance and management of Wildland fire. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24: 151–152. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF15030.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brenkert-Smith, H. (2010). Building bridges to fight fire: The role of informal social interactions in six Colorado wildland–urban interface communities. International Journal of Wildland Fire 19(6): 689–697. https://doi.org/10.1071/wf09063.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brenkert-Smith, H., Dickinson, K. L., Champ, P. A., and Flores, N. (2013). Social amplification of wildfire risk: The role of social interactions and information sources. Risk analysis 33(5): 800–817. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01917.X.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brenner, L. (2006). Áreas Naturales Protegidas y ecoturismo: El caso de la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca, Mexico. Relaciones 105(27): 237–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brenner, L. (2009). Aceptación de políticas de conservación ambiental: el caso de la Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. Economía, Sociedad y Territorio 9(30): 259–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brower, L. P., Williams, E. H., Slayback, D. A., Fink, L. S., Ramírez, M. I., Zubieta, R. R., Limón-García, M. I., Gier, P., Lear, J. A., and Van Hook, T. (2009). Oyamel fir forest trunks provide thermal advantages for overwintering monarch butterflies in Mexico. Insect Conservation and Diversity 2: 163–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-4598.2009.00052.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brower, L. P., Williams, E. H., Jaramillo-López, P., Kust, D. R., Slayback, D. A., and Ramírez, M. I. (2017). Butterfly mortality and salvage logging from the march 2016 storm in the monarch butterfly biosphere Reserve in Mexico. American Entomologist 63(3): 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1093/ae/tmx052.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butz, R. J. (2009). Traditional fire management: Historical fire regimes and land use change in pastoral East Africa. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18: 442–450. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07067.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cantú, M. X. (2013). Incendios del 2012 en la Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve: caracterización y respuesta institucional. Tesis para obtener el grado de Licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Morelia, Mexico, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores campus Morelia, p. 70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, M. S., Cohn, P. J., Paveglio, T. B., Drader, D. R., and Jakes, P. J. (2010). Fire burners to firefighters: The Nez Perce and fire. Journal of Forestry 108(2): 71–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castillo, A. (2003). Comunicación para el manejo de ecosistemas. Tópicos en Educación Ambiental 3(9): 58–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, N. L., Bartuska, A. M., Brown, J. H., Carpenter, S., D'Antonio, C., Francis, R., Franklin, J. F., MacMahon, J. A., Noss, R. F., Parsons, D. J., Peterson, C. H., Turner, M. G., and Woodmansee, R. G. (1996). The report of the ecological Society of America Committee on the scientific basis for ecosystem management. Ecological Applications 6(3): 665–691. https://doi.org/10.2307/2269460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christianson, A. (2015). Social science research on indigenous wildfire management in the 21st century and future research needs. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24: 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF13048.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clauset, A., Newman, M., and Moore, C. (2004). Finding community structure in very large networks. Physical Review E 70(6): 066111. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.70.066111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CONAFOR (Comisión Nacional Forestal) (2016). Incendios forestales. Disponible en linea: http://www.gob.mx/conafor/documentos/incendios-forestales-27734 (consultado 08/06/2017).

  • CONAFOR (Comisión Nacional Forestal) (2017). Participan mujeres combatientes en encuentro de manejo del fuego en Estados Unidos. Disponible en línea: https://www.gob.mx/conafor/prensa/participan-mujeres-combatientes-en-encuentro-de-manejo-del-fuego-en-estados-unidos (consultado 08/06/2017).

  • CONANP (Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas) (2001). Programa de manejo Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. CONANP-SEMARNAT. Mexico. p138.

  • CONANP (Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas) (2011). Estrategia y lineamientos de manejo del fuego en Áreas Naturales Protegidas. CONANP. Mexico. p 36.

  • Cornejo-Tenorio, G., and Ibarra-Manríquez, G. (2017). Flora of the core zones of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Mexico: composition, geographical affinities and beta diversity. Botanical Sciences 95(1): 103–129. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.803.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, R. A., Mayer, J., Applegate, G., Chokkalingam, U., Colfer, C. J. P., Kurniawan, I., Lachowski, H., Maus, P., Permana, R. P., Ruchiat, Y., Stolle, F., Suyanto, and Tomich, T. P. (2005). Fire, people and pixels: Linking social science and remote sensing to understand underlying causes and impacts of fires in Indonesia. Human Ecology 33(4): 465–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-005-5156-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz, J. M., Steelman, T., and Nowell, B. (2015). Local ecological knowledge and fire management: What does the public understand? Journal of Forestry 113: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5849/jof.14-026.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durand, L., and Jímenez, J. (2010). Sobre áreas naturales protegidas y la construcción de no-lugares, Notas para Mexico. Revista Lider 16(12): 59–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eid R., and Haller T. (2018). Burning forests, Rising Power: Towards a constitutionality process in Mount Carmel Biosphere Reserve. Human Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-018-9968-z

  • Elias, M., Hummel, S. S., Basnett, B. S., and Colfer, C. J. P. (2017). Gender bias affects forest worldwide. Ethnobiology letters 8(1): 31–34. https://doi.org/10.14237/ebl.8.1.2017.834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksen, C., and Hankins, D. L. (2015). Colonisation and fire. Gendered dimensions of indigenous fire knowledge retention and revival. In Coles, A., Gray, L., and Momsen, J. (eds.), Routledge handbook of gender and development, Routledge, New York, USA, pp. 129–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fache, E., and Moizo, B. (2015). Do burning practices contribute to caring for country? Contemporary uses of fire for conservation purposes in indigenous Australia. Journal of Ethnobiology 35(1): 163–182. https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-35.1.163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fulé, P. Z., Ramos-Gómez, M., Cortés-Montaño, C., and Miller, A. M. (2011). Fire regime in Mexican forest under indigenous resource management. Ecological Applications 21(3): 764–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García E. (1997). Climatología de la zona de hibernación de la mariposa monarca en la Sierra Transvolcánica de Mexico, Invierno 1991-1992. Serie Varia 16.

  • Gottesfeld, L. M. J. (1994). Aboriginal burning for vegetation management in Northwest British Columbia. Human Ecology 22(2): 171–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hernández-Sampieri R., Fernández-Collado C., and Baptista-Lucio M. P. (2010). Metodología de la investigación. 5 Ed. McGraw-Hill/Interamericana Editores. Mexico. p 613.

  • Honey-Rosés, J. (2009). Illegal logging in common property forests. Society & Natural Resources 22: 916–930. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920903131120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huffman, M. (2013). The many elements of traditional fire knowledge: Synthesis, classification, and aids to cross-cultural problem solving in fire-dependent systems around the world. Ecology and Society 18(4): 3. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-05843-180403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática) (2010). Censo de población y vivienda 2010, principales resultados por localidad, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, Mexico.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jardel, E. (2010). Planificación del manejo del fuego. In Universidad de Guadalajara, Fundación Manantlán Para la Biodiversidad de Occidente AC, Consejo civil Mexicano Para la Silvicultura Sostenible AC, Conservación de la Naturaleza AC, Mexico, Fondo Mexicano para la.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jardel-Peláez, E., Frausto-Leyva, J. M., Pérez-Salicrup, D. R., Alvarado, E., Morfín-Ríos, J. E., Landa, R., and Llamas-Casillas, P. (2010). Prioridades de Investigación en Manejo de Fuego en Mexico, Fondo Mexicano para la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Mexico.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koebele, E., Crow, D. A., Lawhon, L. A., Kroepsch, A., and Schild, R. (2015). Wildfire outreach and citizen entrepreneurs in the wildland-urban interface: A cross-case analysis in Colorado. Society & Natural Resources 28: 918–923. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2015.1054975.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kull, C. (2002). Madagascar aflame: Landscape burning as peasant protest, resistance, or a resource management tool? Political Geography 21: 927–953. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-6298(02)00054-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lake, F. K., Wright, V., Morgan, P., McFadzen, M., McWethy, D., and Stevens-Rumann, C. (2017). Returning fire to the land-celebrating traditional knowledge and fire. Journal of Forestry: Special Issue-September 2017: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5849/jof.2016-043R2.

    Google Scholar 

  • LFPDP (Ley Federal de Protección de Datos Personales) (2010). Ley Federal de Protección de Datos Personales en Posesión de Particulares. Diario Oficial de la Federación del 5 de julio 2010. Disponible en línea: http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/LFPDPPP.pdf

  • López, H. (1998). La metodología de la encuesta. In Galindo, J. L. (ed.), Técnicas de investigación en sociedad, cultura y comunicación, Pearson-Addison Wesley, México, pp. 33–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lozares, C. (1996). La Teoría de redes sociales. Papers 48: 103–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maass, M., Jardel, E., Martínez-Yrízar, A., Calderón, L., Herrera, J., Castillo, A., Euán-Ávila, J., and Equihua, M. (2010). Las áreas naturales protegidas y la investigación ecológica de largo plazo en Mexico. Ecosistemas 19(2): 69–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Torres, H. L., Cantú, M., Ramírez-Ramírez, M. I., and Pérez-Salicrup, D. (2015). Fires and fire management in the monarch butterfly biosphere reserve. In Oberhauser K. S., nail K. R., Altizer S. (Eds), monarchs in a changing world: Biology and conservation of an iconic insect. Cornell University press: Ithaca, New York, USA, pp. 179–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Torres, H. L., Castillo, A., Ramírez, M. I., and Pérez-Salicrp, D. R. (2016). The importance of the traditional fire knowledge system in a subtropical montane socio-ecosystem in a protected natural area. International Journal of Wildland Fire 25: 911–921. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF15181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathews, A. S. (2003). Suppressing fire and memory: Environmental degradation and political restoration in the sierra Juárez of Oaxaca 1887–2001. Environmental History 8(1): 77–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mbow, C., Nielsen, T. T., and Rasmussen, K. (2000). Savanna fires in east-Central Senegal: Distribution patterns, resources management and perceptions. Human Ecology 28(4): 561–583. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026487730947.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCaffrey, S. (2015). Community wildfire preparedness: A global state-of-knowledge summary of social science research. Curr Forestry Rep 1: 81–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-015-0015-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCaffrey, S. M., Stidham, M., Toman, E., and Shindler, B. (2011). Outreach programs, peer pressure, and common sense: What motivates homeowners to mitigate wildfire risk. Environmental Management 48(3): 475–488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9704-6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCaffrey, S., Toman, E., Stidham, M., and Shindler, B. (2013). Social science research related to wildfire management: An overview of recent findings and future research needs. International Journal of Wildland Fire 22: 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF11115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCaffrey, S., Rhodes, A., and Stidham, M. (2015). Wildfire evacuation and its alternatives: Perspectives from four United States communities. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24: 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF13050.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLennan, B., and Eburn, M. (2015). Exposing hidden-value tradeoffs: Sharing wildfire management responsability between government and citizens. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24: 162–169. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF12201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merino, L., and Hernández, M. (2004). Destrucción de instituciones comunitarias y deterioro de los bosques en la Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, Michoacán, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Sociología 66(2): 261–309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mistry, J., Berardi, A., Andrade, V., Krahô, P., and Leonardos, O. (2005). Indigenous fire management in the Cerrado of Brazil: The case of the Krahô of Tocantíns. Human Ecology 33(3): 365–386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-005-4143-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monzón-Alvarado, C., Waylen, P., and Keys, E. (2014). Fire management and climate variability: Challenges in designing environmental regulations. Land Use Policy 39: 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.03.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morin-Lugo, D. R. (2009). Análisis de redes sociales en el mundo rural: guía inicial. Revista de Estudios Sociales 38: 129–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murdiyarso, D., Lebel, L., Gintings, A. N., Tampubolon, S. M. H., Heil, A., and Wasson, M. (2004). Policy responses to complex environmental problems: Insights from a science-policy activity on transboundary haze from vegetation fires in Southeast Asia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 104: 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mutch, R. W., Rogers, M. J., Stephens, S. L., and Gill, A. M. (2011). Protecting lives and property in the wildland-urban interface: Communities in Montana and Southern California adopt Australian paradigm. Fire Technology 47: 357–377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-010-0171-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Myers, R. L. (2006). Living with fire: Sustaining ecosystems and livelihoods through integrated fire management, The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA, p. 28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Navarrete, J. L., Ramírez, M. I., and Pérez-Salicrup, D. (2011). Logging within protected areas:Spatial evaluation of the monarch butterfly biosphere reserve, Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management 262: 646–654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.033.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NOM-015 (Norma Oficial Mexicana 015 SEMARNAT-SAGARPA 2007) (2009). Especificaciones técnicas de métodos de uso del fuego en los terrenos forestales y en los terrenos de uso agropecuario. Mexico.

  • Noy, C. (2008). Sampling knowledge: The hermeneutics of snowball sampling in qualitative research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 11(4): 327–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645570701401305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter-Bolland, L., Ellis, E. A., Guariguata, M. R., Ruiz-Mallén, I., Negrete-Yankelevich, S., and Reyes-García, V. (2012). Community managed forests and forest protected areas: An assessment of their conservation effectiveness across the tropics. Forest Ecology and Management 268: 6–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quigley, C. F., Miller, Z. D., Dogbey, J., Che, S. M., and Hallo, J. (2014). "No one should destroy the Forest": Using photo-based vignette interviews to understand Kenyan teachers' views of the environment. International Journal of Science Education 36(17): 2937–2957. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2014.940024.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raish, C., González-Cabán, A., and Condie, C. J. (2005). The importance of traditional fire use and management practices for contemporary land managers in the American southwest. Environmental Hazards 6: 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazards.2005.10.004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramírez, M. I., Miranda, R., and Zubieta, R. (2009). Serie cartográfica monarca, volumen I, vegetación y cubierta de suelo 2006, Instituto de Geografía-UNAM, Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary Foundation, SEMARNAT, INE, CONANP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rendón-Salinas E., Ramírez-Galindo G., Pérez-Ojeda J., and Galindo-Leal C. (Eds) (2007). Cuarto Foro Regional Mariposa Monarca Memórias. WWF, Mexico.

  • RLGDFS (2005). Reglamento de la ley general de Desarrollo Forestal Sustentable. Mexico, DF.

  • Rodríguez, I. (2006). Pemon perspectives of fire management in Canaima National Park, southeastern Venezuela. Human Ecology 35: 331–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-006-9064-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Trejo, D. A. (2015). Incendios de vegetación: Su ecología, manejo e historia. Volumen 2. Biblioteca básica de agricultura. PRINTING ARTS MEXICO S. de R.L. de C.V. Guadalajara, Jal, Mexico, pp. 893–1705.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Trejo, D. A., Martínez-Hernández, P. A., Ortiz-Contla, H., Chavarría-Sánchez, M. R., and Hernández-Santiago, F. (2011). The present status of fire ecology, traditional use of fire, and fire management in Mexico and Central America. Fire Ecology 7(1): 40–56. https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0701040.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schindler, B. A., Toman, E., and McCaffrey, S. (2009). Public perspectives of fire, fuel and forest service in the Great Lakes region: A survey of citizen-agency communication and trust. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18: 157–164. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seijo, F., and Gray, R. (2012). Pre-industrial anthropogenic fire regimes in transition: The case of Spain and its implications for fire governance in Mediterranean type biomes. Human Ecology Review 19(1): 58–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan, R. A. S., Fulé, P. Z., Lee, M. A., and Nielsen, E. A. (2015). Identifying social-ecological linkages to develop a community fire plan in Mexico. Conservation and Society 13(4): 395–406. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-4923.179884.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinhaeuser, K., and Chawla, N. V. (2010). Identifying and evaluating community structure in complex networks. Pattern Recognition Letters 31(5): 413–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2009.11.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, S. L., and Ruth, L. W. (2005). Federal forest-fire policy in the United States. Ecological Applications 15(2): 532–542. https://doi.org/10.1890/04-0545.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, A. (1987). Qualitative analysis for social scientist. In Cambridge University press, USA. p, New York, 319 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, A., and Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research, Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Segunda edición. SAGE Publications Inc. USA, p. 312.

  • Taylor, S. J., and Bogdan, R. (1987). Introducción a los métodos cualitativos de investigación, Editorial Paidós, España, 343 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres-Rojo, J. M., Moreno-Sánchez, R., and Mendoza-Briseño, M. A. (2017). Sustainable Forest Management in Mexico. Current Forestry Report 2: 93–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-016-0033-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Towers, B. (2015). Children’s knowledge of bushfire emergency response. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24: 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF13153.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNESCO. (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) (2009). Decisions adopted at the 32nd session of the world heritage committee, Quebec City 2008, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Paris, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaske, J. J., Absher, J. D., and Bright, A. D. (2007). Salient value similarity, social trust and attitudes toward wildland fire management strategies. Human Ecology Review 14(2): 223–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warman, A. (2001). El campo mexicano en el siglo XX, Fondo de Cultura Económica, Mexico, D.F.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, D. R., Jakes, P. J., Burns, S., Cheng, A. S., Nelson, K. C., Sturtevant, V., Brummel, R. F., Staychock, E., and Souter, S. G. (2012). Community wildfire protection planning: The importance of framing, scale, and building sustainable capacity. Jouranl Forestry 110(8): 415–420. https://doi.org/10.5849/jof.12-001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This paper is part of the PhD thesis of the first author at Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Our gratitude to Mariana Cantú-Fernández, Salud Salas, Jairo López-Sánchez, and authorities of the CONANP-MBBR for their valuable collaboration, and all the institutions and KLA mentioned in this article for sharing their knowledge.

Funding

This study was funded by project “Effects of Natural and Human Disturbances in Coniferous Forests in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve: Implications for Fire Management” (SEP-CONACyT 2010–154434). DPS received support from PASPA-DGAPA program of UNAM.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    H. Leonardo Martínez-Torres, Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup & Alicia Castillo

  2. Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    M. Isabel Ramírez

Authors
  1. H. Leonardo Martínez-Torres
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alicia Castillo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Isabel Ramírez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The first author has received a graduate studies scholarship from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Teconología (CONACyT), and the 2013 Ph.D. scholarship of the International Association of Wildland Fire. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Martínez-Torres, H.L., Pérez-Salicrup, D.R., Castillo, A. et al. Fire Management in a Natural Protected Area: What Do Key Local Actors Say?. Hum Ecol 46, 515–528 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-018-0013-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-018-0013-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation