Abstract
Physiological and biochemical responses of open-pollinated ‘Roma’ and dwarf F1 hybrid ‘Patio’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars to in vitro induced salinity were examined in light of the possible contribution of ethylene to these symptoms. Salinity was induced by incorporating 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, or 200 mM NaCl into shoot culture media. Elevated salinity treatments significantly enhanced ethylene accumulation in the headspace and were accompanied by increased leaf epinasty in both cultivars. Growth, leaf cell sap osmolarity, leaf tissue viability and shoot soluble protein content were generally depressed with elevated salinity treatments, whereas electrolyte leakage, membrane injury, raffinose, and total sugars were concomitantly increased. Macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S decreased with elevated salinity in both cultivars and were accompanied by a significant increase in Na content and a sharp decrease in K/Na ratio. Tissue micronutrients, Fe, B, Zn, Mn, and Cu were generally decreased with elevated salinity especially at 100 mM or more. Incorporating ethylene inhibitors CoCl2 or NiCl2 at 5.0 or 10.0 mg/l into media supplemented with 100 mM NaCl significantly reduced ethylene accumulation in the headspace and prevented epinasty, but did not eliminate the negative impacts on growth and other physiological parameters caused by salinity treatment in either cultivar. Our results indicate that the increase in ethylene under salinity stress is not the primary factor contributing to salinity’s deleterious effect on tomato plant growth and physiology.
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Acknowledgements
Authors would like to thank the Arab Fund Fellowship Program, Arab Fund for Social Development, Kuwait, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan, the Office of Research, College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, and the International Council at University of Illinois, for their support during the course of this study. This project was conducted under the terms of a Memorandum of Understanding between University of Illinois and Jordan University of Science and Technology which allowed author Shibli to spend his sabbatical at University of Illinois during the course of this study.
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Shibli, R.A., Kushad, M., Yousef, G.G. et al. Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato microshoots to induced salinity stress with associated ethylene accumulation. Plant Growth Regul 51, 159–169 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-006-9158-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-006-9158-7