Abstract
Ty1-copia retroelements have been found in all major plants and are largely responsible for the huge differences in the genome size. In this study we isolated and sequenced Ty1-copia reverse transcriptase (rt) gene fragments from 44 representative species of bamboo and nine cultivars or forms of Phyllostachys pubescens. Phylogenetic analysis of 72 distinct Ty1-copia rt sequences showed that Ty1-copia retroelements were widespread, diverse and abundant in these species of Bambusoideae subfamily. In addition, a molecular phylogeny of the species of the Bambusoideae subfamily was established by using the internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) sequences. The comparison between ITS- and Ty1-copia rt- based trees is obviously incongruent. The results suggested either the existence of horizontal transfer events between phylogenetically distant species, or an ancestral Ty1-copia retroelement polymorphism followed by different evolution and stochastic losses.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Ma N. of Research Institute of subtropical forestry and Lin X. of Key Lab for Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province for their advices on sketching the sampling strategies. We are also indebted to Yoshinaga K. of World Bamboos Research Center, Fukuoka, Japan, Zhou C. of Anji Bamboo Museum Garden, Zhao M. of Tianmu Mountain World Biosphere Reserve and ZhouY. of Huaan Bamboo Garden for help in collecting materials tested in study. This work was supported by the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 30371181 and 30771753), the grant from Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. Y3080002) and through Talents Program of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (grant no. R303420).
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Zhou, Mb., Zhong, H., Zhang, Qh. et al. Diversity and evolution of Ty1-copia retroelements in representative tribes of Bambusoideae subfamily. Genetica 138, 861–868 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-010-9469-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-010-9469-5