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Shape and size variation on the wing of Drosophila mediopunctata: influence of chromosome inversions and genotype-environment interaction

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Abstract

The second chromosome of Drosophila mediopunctata is highly polymorphic for inversions. Previous work reported a significant interaction between these inversions and collecting date on wing size, suggesting the presence of genotype-environment interaction. We performed experiments in the laboratory to test for the joint effects of temperature and chromosome inversions on size and shape of the wing in D. mediopunctata. Size was measured as the centroid size, and shape was analyzed using the generalized least squares Procrustes superimposition followed by discriminant analysis and canonical variates analysis of partial warps and uniform components scores. Our findings show that wing size and shape are influenced by temperature, sex, and karyotype. We also found evidence suggestive of an interaction between the effects of karyotype and temperature on wing shape, indicating the existence of genotype-environment interaction for this trait in D. mediopunctata. In addition, the association between wing size and chromosome inversions is in agreement with previous results indicating that these inversions might be accumulating alleles adapted to different temperatures. However, no significant interaction between temperature and karyotype for size was found––in spite of the significant presence of temperature––genotype (cross) interaction. We suggest that other ecological factors––such as larval crowding––or seasonal variation of genetic content within inversions may explain the previous results.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

CVA:

Canonical variates analysis

CS:

Centroid size

MS:

Mean square

MANOVA:

Multivariate analysis of variance

RW:

Relative warp

RWA:

Relative warp analysis

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Acknowledgements

We thank Wilma N. Souza and Maria Aparecida Ramos Libânio for technical help. Mariana Lúcio Lyra helped us with figure drawing and Ted Hogan reviewed the English version of the manuscript. We thank Izabella Mendes Hatadani for important help with the statistical analysis; Fernando Von Zuben for statistical advices and help on the use of Matlab software; and Prof. F. James Rohlf for statistical suggestions. We also thank two anonymous reviewers and particularly Dr. William Etges (the Associate Editor) for suggestions that greatly improved this paper. This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de São Paulo (FAPESP) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).

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  1. Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Cx. Postal 6109, Campinas, 13083-970, SP, Brazil

    Luciane Mendes Hatadani & Louis Bernard Klaczko

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  1. Luciane Mendes Hatadani
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  2. Louis Bernard Klaczko
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Correspondence to Louis Bernard Klaczko.

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Hatadani, L.M., Klaczko, L.B. Shape and size variation on the wing of Drosophila mediopunctata: influence of chromosome inversions and genotype-environment interaction. Genetica 133, 335–342 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-007-9217-7

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