Abstract
Theoretical investigation on the rock breaking and chipping characteristics subjected to TBM cutters under varying confining stresses is conducted. Theoretical study presents that the deflection angle of the lateral crack will increase as the increase of confining stress. Combining previous conclusions on initiation angle with above conclusion on deflection angle, theoretical study shows that in the low confining stress conditions, the chip composed of a triangle shaped part in deep part and a rectangle shaped part in shallow part will be formed; secondly, the triangle shaped part tends to diminish as the confining stress increases. Thirdly, as the confining stress increases in further, the chips are nearly rectangle shaped, and the height of chips will be decreased. Laboratory and numerical studies are also conducted for verification. In both laboratory and numerical tests, the shape evolution mentioned above is verified. And then, due to the varying shapes of chips under different confining stresses, when the spacing is fixed, experimental and numerical tests show that cutting efficiency will be increased as the confining stress increases in a certain degree, while the efficiency will be restrained by the increasing confining stress as the confining stress exceeds a critical value.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abu Bakar MZ, Gertsch LS, Rostami J (2014) Evaluation of fragments from disc cutting of dry and saturated sandstone. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47:1891–1903
Alehoseein H, Detournay E, Huang H (2000) An analytical model for the indentation of rocks by blunt tools. Rock Mech Rock Eng 33(4):267–284
Bejari H, Khademi Hamidi K (2013) Simultaneous effects of joint spacing and orientation on TBM cutting efficiency in jointed rock masses. Rock Mech Rock Eng 46:897–907
Bilgin N, Tuncdemir H, Balci C, Copur H, Eskikaya S (2002) A model to predict the performance of tunneling machines under stressed conditions. In: Proceedings of the AITES-ITA 2000 world tunnel congress, Durban, South Africa, pp 47–54
Chen LH, Labuz JF (2006) Indentation of rock by wedge shaped tools. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 43:1023–1033
Cook NG, Hood M, Tsai F (1984) Observation of crack growth in hard rock loaded by an indenter. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 21(2):97–107
Eftekhari M, Baghbanan A, Bagherpour R (2013) The effect of fracture patterns on penetration rate of TBM in fractured rock mass using probabilistic numerical approach. Arabian J Geosci 7(12):5321–5331
Erdogan F, Sih GC (1963) On the crack extension in plates under plane loading and transverse shear. J Basic Eng 85:519–527
Gertsch RE (2000) Rock toughness and disc cutting. University of Missouri, Rolla
Goldsmith W, Wu W (1981) Response of rocks to impact loading by bars with pointed ends. Rock Mech 13(3):157–184
Gong QM, Zhao J (2007) Influence of rock brittleness on TBM penetration rate in Singapore granite. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 22:317–324
Gong Q-M, Zhao J (2009) Development of a rock mass characteristics model for TBM penetration rate prediction. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46:8–18
Gong Q-M, Zhao J, Jiao Y-Y (2005) Numerical modeling of the effects of joint orientation on rock fragmentation by TBM cutters. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 20:183–191
Gong QM, She QR, Hou ZS, Jiang H, Peng Q (2010) Experimental study of TBM penetration in marble rock mass under high geostress. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 29(12):2522–2532 (in Chinese)
Haeri H, Marji MF, Shahriar K (2014) Simulating the effects of disc erosion in TBM disc cutters by a semi-infinite DDM. Arabian J Geosci 8(6):3915–3927
Huang H, Damjanal B, Detournay E (1998) Normal wedge indentation in rocks with lateral confinement. Rock Mech Rock Eng 31(2):81–94
Innaurato N, Oreste P (2011) Theoretical study on the TBM tool–rock interaction. Geotech Geol Eng 29:297–305
Innaurato N, Oggeri C, Oreste PP, Vinai R (2007) Experimental and numerical studies on rock breaking with TBM tools under high stress confinement. Rock Mech Rock Eng 40(5):429–451
Johnson KL (1985) Contact mechanics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 7–13
Li Shi-yu, He Tai-ming, Yin Xiang-chu (2010) Introduction of rock fracture mechanics. Press of Chinese University of Science and Technology, Hefei 1:157–169 (in Chinese)
Liu HY, Kou SQ, Lindqvist P-A, Tang CA (2002) Numerical simulation of the rock fragmentation process induced by indenters. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 39:491–505
Ma H, Ji H (2011) Experimental study of the effect of joint orientation on fragmentation modes and penetration rate under TBM disc cutters. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 33(1):155–163 (in Chinese)
Ma H, Yin L, Ji H (2011) Numerical study of the effect of confining stress on rock fragmentation by TBM cutters. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 48:1021–1033
Mo Z, Li H, Zhou Q, Zou F, Zhu X, Wang C, Hao Y (2012) Experimental study of rock microscopic deterioration under wedge cutter. Rock Soil Mech 33(5):1333–1340 (in Chinese)
Moon T, Oh J (2012) A study of optimal rock-cutting conditions for hard rock TBM using the discrete element method. Rock Mech Rock Eng 45:837–849
Ozdemir L, Wang FD, Snyder L (1979) Mechanical tunnel boring prediction and machine design. Colorado School of Mines Press, Colorado, U.S.A.
Pang SS, Goldsmith W (1990) Investigation of crack formation during loading of brittle rock. Rock Mech Rock Eng 23:53–63
Qing TAN, Zijun XU, Yimin X (2012) Numerical study on mode of breaking rock by TBM cutter in two cutting orders. J Cent South Univ Sci Technol 43(3):940–946 (in Chinese)
Tarkoy PJ, Marconi M (1991) Difficult rock comminution and associated geological conditions. In: Proceedings of the 6th international symposium: Tunnelling’91, London, pp 195–207
Wang SY, Sloan SW, Liu HY, Tang CA (2011) Numerical simulation of the rock fragmentation process induced by two drill bits subjected to static and dynamic (impact) loading. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44:317–332
Yagiz S (2008) Utilizing rock mass properties for predicting TBM performance in hard rock condition. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 23:326–339
Yin LJ, Gong QM, Ma HS, Zhao J, Zhao XB (2014a) Use of indentation tests to study the influence of confining stress on rock fragmentation by a TBM cutter. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 72:261–276
Yin LJ, Gong QM, Zhao J (2014b) Study on rock mass boreability by TBM penetration test under different in situ stress conditions. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 43:413–425
Yoon JS, Zang A, Stephansson O (2012) Simulating fracture and friction of Aue granite under confined asymmetric compressive test using clumped particle model. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 49:68–83
Zhang H, Huang G, Song H, Kang Y (2012) Experimental investigation of deformation and failure mechanisms in rock under indentation by digital image correlation. Eng Fract Mech 96:667–675
Acknowledgments
This research was made possible by the National Basic Research Program of China (Project 2013CB035401), Project (51174228) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Project (71380100003) supported by Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, J., Cao, P. & Li, K. A Study on Isotropic Rock Breaking with TBM Cutters Under Different Confining Stresses. Geotech Geol Eng 33, 1379–1394 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-015-9907-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-015-9907-3