Abstract
Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum is a valuable source of disease resistance and fruit quality traits that could play an important role in the genetic improvement and safeguard of local varieties of common peppers. However, its use for C. annuum var. annuum breeding has been scarce due to postzygotic incompatibilities. In this work, we obtained seven interspecific hybrids between the Italian landrace ‘Friariello’ of C. annuum var. annuum and C. baccatum var. pendulum through embryo rescue. The F1 hybrids were verified by SSR markers and by in situ hybridization, which confirmed their hybrid status and provided evidence for differences in the repetitive content between the parental genomes. These hybrids were vigorous and, for several morphological traits, were intermediate between their parents. However, they were male sterile. The cytological analysis revealed several abnormalities occurring at various stages of the male meiosis. A number of these anomalies were likely the result of structural differences (e.g. a reciprocal translocation, a paracentric inversion) between the two genomes. Due to hybrid pollen sterility, backcross progenies (BC1) were obtained when hybrids were used as female parents. A partial restoration of the fertility in BC1 makes promising the exploitation of this material in breeding programs.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Francesco di Dato (CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Pontecagnano, Italy) and Prof. Adrián Rodríguez Burruezo (COMAV, Institute for Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity, Valencia, Spain) for the invaluable help with the embryo rescue technique, Gaetano Guarino for help with figure preparation, Max Rankenburg for linguistic editing, and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. The authors would also like to thank PONa3_00025-BIOforIU for funding the acquisition of a fluorescence microscope. The authors wish to acknowledge CGN (http://www.cgn.wur.nl), for providing the seeds of C. baccatum var. pendululm. This work was partially supported by the GenHort Project funded by the Italian Minister of University and research MIUR (PON02_00395_3215002).
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10681_2018_2211_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Figure S1. Hybridity test using SSR marker CAMS-117 (Minamiyama et al. 2006). M = 1 Kb plus ladder (Invitrogen); P1 = C. annuum var. annuum landrace ‘Friariello’ (FRP); P2 = C. baccatum var. pendulum acc. P04 (BACP04); F1 = FRP x BACP04 F1 hybrids. Polymorphic bands are indicated by asterisks. (TIFF 2980 kb)
10681_2018_2211_MOESM2_ESM.tif
Figure S2. Morphology of the fruits from the parental genotypes, C. annuum var. annuum landrace ‘Friariello’ (FRP) and C. baccatum var. pendulum acc. P04 (BACP04), the F1 hybrids (FRP x BACP04) and their BC1 progeny (FRP x F1). (TIFF 11811 kb)
10681_2018_2211_MOESM3_ESM.tif
Figure S3. FISH mapping of 5S rDNA (green) and 45S rDNA (red) on the metaphase chromosomes of the parental genotypes C. baccatum var. pendulum acc. P04 (BACP04) (A) and C. annuum var. annuum landrace ‘Friariello’ (FRP) (B), and FRP x BACP04 hybrids (C). The insets show a close-up of the chromosome pair carrying the 5S rDNA signals that, in BACP04, co-localize with 45S rDNA signals. Bar scale=5 μm. (TIFF 12719 kb)
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Cremona, G., Iovene, M., Festa, G. et al. Production of embryo rescued hybrids between the landrace “Friariello” (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) and C. baccatum var. pendulum: phenotypic and cytological characterization. Euphytica 214, 129 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2211-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2211-6