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Signatures of divergent selection for cold tolerance in maize

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Abstract

Divergently selected genotypes can be used for detecting the genomic regions affecting the selected trait (selection signature). Moreover, the genetic distances (GDs) among divergently selected lines can be correlated with the agronomic performances of the crosses among them. Using as source the maize F2 of B73 × IABO78, we previously conducted four cycles of divergent recurrent selection and three cycles of divergent selection in inbreeding for cold tolerance at germination. We finally obtained 10 lines selected for low (L) and 10 lines selected for high (H) cold tolerance, which exhibited a notable divergence for both the selected and associated traits. Herein, we investigated the 20 lines and the 28 single diallel crosses among eight random lines (four L and four H); the main objectives were to identify the putative regions controlling the selected and associated traits and to study the relationships between crosses performances and GDs among their parental lines. Allele frequencies at 932 recombination blocks based on 19,220 polymorphic SNPs were obtained for the two lines’ groups; the F ST calculated across sliding windows indicated 18 regions highly divergent between groups. The increasing alleles for cold tolerance were contributed by both parents, consistently with the transgressive segregations previously found. Several regions associated to DG also affected various agronomic traits. The cross performances showed some relationships with the genetic distances among parental lines for traits affected by dominance, provided that all crosses were considered, while these relationships vanished when only L × H crosses were examined.

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Abbreviations

DG:

Difference in germination (G9.5–G25)

F1P:

Crosses performance

FE:

Field emergence

G25:

Germination at 25 °C

G9.5:

Germination at 9.5 °C

GCA:

General combining ability

GD:

Genetic distance

GY:

Grain yield

H:

Lines selected for high cold tolerance

KM:

Kernel moisture

L:

Lines selected for low cold tolerance

LASSO:

Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator

MP:

Mean of parental lines

MPH:

Midparent heterosis

MRD:

Modified Rogers’ Distance

PFW:

Plot fresh weight

PH:

Plant height

PS:

Pollen shedding date

SCA:

Specific combining ability

SFW:

Seedling fresh weight

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

UPGMA:

Unweighted pair group method arithmetic mean

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Acknowledgements

This study was conducted with the financial support of the University of Bologna, Grant RFO (2009–2014).

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  1. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences - DISTAL, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127, Bologna, Italy

    Elisabetta Frascaroli & Pierangelo Landi

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  1. Elisabetta Frascaroli
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  2. Pierangelo Landi
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Correspondence to Elisabetta Frascaroli.

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Frascaroli, E., Landi, P. Signatures of divergent selection for cold tolerance in maize. Euphytica 214, 80 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2163-x

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