Seasonal variations of PCDD/Fs in fishes: inferring a hidden exposure route from Na-PCP application for schistosomiasis control

  • Yuming Hu
  • Chuanzhu Yi
  • Jingguang Li
  • Xiaohong Shang
  • Zimin Li
  • Xiaochen Yin
  • Bo Chen
  • Yuechan Zhou
  • Yinyin Zhang
  • Yongning Wu
Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:
  • 56 Downloads

Abstract

Japanese schistosomiasis was endemic in Dongting Lake, the second largest freshwater lake in China. The technical sodium pentachlorophenate (Na-PCP) was widely used during the period between the early 1960s and early 1990s to kill oncomelania, the intermediate host of Schistosomes. However, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) also contaminated the environment of Dongting Lake due to trace impurities of Na-PCP. In this study, 13 species of freshwater fish were collected from Dongting Lake and analyzed in wet and dry seasons. Temporal (wet and dry season) variations in PCDD/Fs in fishes from Dongting Lake were observed. The concentration of PCDD/Fs was considerably higher in the wet season than in the dry season and in areas in China where Na-PCP was not applied. The higher level of PCDD/Fs in the wet season may be attributed to the use of Na-PCP in the past and to the increase in the migration of PCDD/Fs from sediments to water in the wet season. The results indicate that the risk of PCDD/Fs contamination is connected with prior consumption of fishes that live in the Na-PCP application area. However, there was no difference in the concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) between the wet and dry seasons.

Keywords

Season variations Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins Polychlorinated dibenzofurans Fishes Sodium pentachlorophenate Japanese schistosomiasis 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access

Notes

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30771812 and 81172675).

Compliance with ethical standards

Competing interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

References

  1. Bao, Z. C., Wang, K. O., Kang, J. X., & Zhao, L. W. (1995). Analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in pentachlorophenol and sodium pentachlorophenate. Environmental Chemistry, 14(4), 317–321.Google Scholar
  2. Bordajandi, L. R., Gómez, G., Fernández, M. A., Abad, E., Rivera, J., & González, M. J. (2003). Study on PCBs, PCDD/Fs, organochlorine pesticides, heavy metals and arsenic content in freshwater fish species from the river Turia. Chemosphere, 53(2), 163–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Borghesi, N., Corsolini, S., & Focardi, S. (2008). Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pollutants in two species of Antarctic fish (Chionodraco hamatus and Trematomus bernacchii). Chemosphere, 73(2), 155–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Borghesi, N., Corsolini, S., Leonards, P., Brandsma, S., de Boer, J. D., & Focardi, S. (2009). Polybrominated diphenyl ether contamination levels in fish from the Antarctic and the Mediterranean Sea. Chemosphere, 77(5), 693–698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Boris, J. R., Kurunthachalam, K., Rudolf, A., & Adams, D. H. (2005). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in a marine Foodweb of coastal Florida. Environmental Science & Technology, 39(21), 8243–8250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Breivik, K., Alcock, R., Li, Y. F., Bailey, R. E., Fiedler, H., & Pacyna, J. M. (2004). Primary sources of selected POPs: regional and global scale emission inventories. Environmental Pollution, 128(1–2), 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Cakirogullari, G. C., & Secer, S. (2011). Seasonal variation of organochlorine contaminants in bonito (Sarda sarda L. 1758) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L. 1758) in Black Sea region, Turkey. Chemosphere, 85(11), 1713–1718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Charnley, G., & Doull, J. (2005). Human exposure to dioxins from food, 1999–2002. Food & Chemical Toxicology, 43(5), 671–679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Damstra, T., Barlow, S., Bergman, A., Kavlock, R., & Van Der Kraak, G. (eds.) (2002). International programme on chemical safety global assessment: the state-of-the-science of endocrine disruptors. Geneva: World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/new_issues/endocrine_disruptors/en/. Accessed 15 Jan 2018.
  10. Fang, L., Zheng, M., Zhang, B., Gao, L., Liu, W., & Zhao, X. (2007a). Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in eggs of eight avian species from Dongting Lake, China. Chemosphere, 69(3), 411–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Fang, L. P., Zheng, M. H., Zhang, B., Liu, W. B., & Gao, L. R. (2007b). Profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in fish livers and gills from Dongting Lake, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 79(1), 45–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Fang, L., Zheng, M., Xiao, K., & Yang, Y. (2008). Tissue-dependent distribution and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in vegetation samples collected from Dongting Lake, China. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 27(1), 49–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Gao, Z. S., Jie, X., Xian, Q. M., Feng, J. F., Chen, X. H., & Yu, H. X. (2009). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in aquatic biota from the lower reach of the Yangtze River, East China. Chemosphere, 75(9), 1273–1279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Gao, L., Zhang, B., Liu, W., Zheng, M., Xiao, K., Su, G., et al. (2011). Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in different tissues of the cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) from Dongting Lake, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(10), 1709–1713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Guo, Y., Tang, H., Meng, X., Mai, B., & Zeng, E. (2007). Tissue distribution of PBDEs in mandarin fish. Huan Jing Ke Xue, 28(12), 2806–2810.Google Scholar
  16. Hayward, D., Wong, J., & Krynitsky, A. J. (2007). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in commercially wild caught and farm-raised fish fillets in the United States. Environmental Research, 103(1), 46–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Holmes, M., Hart, A., Smith, G. C., Rose, M., Macarthur, R., & White, S. (2003). Dietary exposure to dioxins and PCBs including measurement uncertainty and limits of detection. Organohalog Compound, 60, 103–106.Google Scholar
  18. Ikenaka, Y., Eun, H., Watanabe, E., Kumon, F., & Miyabara, Y. (2005). Estimation of sources and inflow of dioxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the sediment core of Lake Suwa, Japan. Environmental Pollution, 138(3), 529–537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Katsoyiannis, A., & Samara, C. (2005). Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the conventional activated sludge treatment process: fate and mass balance. Environmental Research, 97(3), 245–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Ke, X., Zheng, M. H., Fang, L. P., & Yang, Y. B. (2010). Concentrations and profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in bank soils collected from Dongting Lake, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 85(2), 174–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Lanfranchi, A. L., Menone, M. L., Miglioranza, K. S. B., Janiot, L. J., Aizpún, J. E., & Moreno, V. J. (2006). Striped weakfish (Cynoscion guatucupa): a biomonitor of organochlorine pesticides in estuarine and near-coastal zones. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52(1), 74–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Li, X., Zhang, Q., Dai, J., Gan, Y., Zhou, J., Yang, X., Cao, H., Jiang, G., & Xu, M. (2008). Pesticide contamination profiles of water, sediment and aquatic organisms in the effluent of Gaobeidian wastewater treatment plant. Chemosphere, 72(8), 1145–1151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Liao, F., He, W., Huang, X., Jing, Q., & He, X. (2002). Studies on present situation and change trend of Dongting Lake fishery resources and environment. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 26(6), 623–627.Google Scholar
  24. Liu, B., Zhang, L. S., Zhang, J. Q., Jiang, Y. S., Zhou, J., & Huang, H. Y. (2011). Investigation on levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in retail fish and egg products in Shenzhen. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, 45(12), 1068–1072.Google Scholar
  25. Llobet, J. M., Domingo, J. L., Bocio, A., Casas, C., Teixidó, A., & Müller, L. (2003). Human exposure to dioxins through the diet in Catalonia, Spain: carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Chemosphere, 50(9), 1193–1200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Manchester-Neesvig, J. B., Valters, K., & Sonzogni, W. C. (2001). Comparison of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Michigan salmonids. Environmental Science & Technology, 35(6), 1072–1077.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. Mariottini, M., Corsi, I., Della, T. C., Caruso, T., Bianchini, A., Nesi, I., & Focardi, S. (2008). Biomonitoring of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) pollution: a field study. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology, 148(1), 80–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Piérard, C., Budzinski, A., & Garrigues, P. (1996). Grain-size distribution of polychlorobiphenyls in coastal sediments. Environmental Science & Technology, 30(9), 2776–2783.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Qiu, Y., Strid, A., Bignert, A., Zhu, Z., Zhao, J., Athanasiadou, M., Athanassiadis, I., & Bergman, Å. (2012). Chlorinated and brominated organic contaminants in fish from shanghai markets: a case study of human exposure. Chemosphere, 89(4), 458–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Shen, H. T., Yu, C., Ying, Y., Zhao, Y. F., Wu, Y. N., Han, J. L., & Xu, Q. Y. (2009). Levels and congener profiles of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs in seafood from China. Chemosphere, 77(9), 1206–1211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Stapleton, H. M., Brazil, B., Holbrook, R. D., Mitchelmore, C. L., Benedict, R., Konstantinov, A., & Potter, D. (2006). In vivo and in vitro debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 209) by juvenile rainbow trout and common carp. Environmental Science & Technology, 40(15), 4653–4658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Storelli, M. M., Barone, G., & Marcotrigiano, G. O. (2007). Residues of polychlorinated biphenyls in edible fish of the Adriatic Sea: assessment of human exposure. Journal of Food Science, 72(4), C183–C187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. Storelli, M. M., Barone, G., Perrone, V. G., & Giacominellistuffler, R. (2011). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs): occurrence in fishery products and dietary intake. Food Chemistry, 127(4), 1648–1652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  34. Tanabe, S., & Kunisue, T. (2007). Persistent organic pollutants in human breast milk from Asian countries. Environmental Pollution, 146(2), 400–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. U., E. (2006). Setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in food stuffs. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/ 2006 (Vol. 364). http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32006R1881&rid=2. Accessed 25 May 2017.
  36. UNEP CHEMICALS (2002). PCB transformers and capacitors: from management to reclassification and disposal. United Nation Environmental Programme. http://www.nttworldwide.com/docs/uneppcb.pdf. Accessed 25 May 2017.
  37. Wania, F., & Dugani, C. B. (2003). Assessing the long-range transport potential of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: a comparison of four multimedia models. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 22(6), 1252–1261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  38. Wu, J. P., Luo, X. J., Zhang, Y., Luo, Y., Chen, S. J., Mai, B. X., & Yang, Z. Y. (2008). Bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in wild aquatic species from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling site in South China. Environment International, 34(8), 1109–1113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Xiao, K., Zheng, M., Zhang, B., Liu, W., Zhao, X., & Gao, L. (2013). Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the sediment core from a schistosomiasis area with Na-PCP application in China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 90(2), 160–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  40. Yang, F., Zhang, Q., Xu, Y., Jiang, G., Wang, Y., & Wang, D. (2008). Preliminary hazard assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to Yangtze finless porpoise in Dongting Lake, China. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 27(4), 991–996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  41. Yang, R., Jing, C., Zhang, Q., Wang, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Y., & Jiang, G. (2011). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and mercury in fish from lakes of the Tibetan Plateau. Chemosphere, 83(6), 862–867.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  42. Zhang, J., Zhou, J., Jiang, Y., Jiang, J., Zhuang, Z., Liu, X., & Wu, Y. (2007). Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran concentrations in common fish species in the Pearl River Delta area, China. Chemosphere, 66(2), 199–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. Zhou, J., Huang, C. Y., He, Y. K., Du, Y. Q., Yu, X. L., Wang, Y. Y., & Li, Y. S. (2010). Epidemiological evaluation of schistosomiasis in migrant fishermen in Dongting Lake region. Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control, 22(5), 464–467.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina

Personalised recommendations