Abstract
We developed small and mobile open top chambers (mini-OTC) measuring 0.6 m (W) × 0.6 m (D) × 1.2 m (H) with an air duct of 0.6 m (W) × 0.23 m (D) × 1.2 m (H). The air duct can be filled with activated charcoal to blow charcoal filtered air (CF) into the chamber, as opposed to non-filtered ambient air (NF). Ozone sensitive radish Raphanus sativus cv. Red Chime and rosette pakchoi Brassica campestris var. rosularis cv. ATU171 were exposed to NF and CF in mini-OTCs at different locations in East Asia. A total of 29 exposure experiments were conducted at nine locations, Shanghai, China, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Lampang, Phitsanulok and Pathumtani, Thailand, and Hiratsuka, Kisai, Abiko and Akagi, Japan. Although no significant relationships between the mean concentrations of ambient O3 during the experimental period and the growth responses were observed for either species, multiple linear regression analysis suggested a good relationship between the biomass responses in each species and the O3 concentration, temperature, and relative humidity. The cumulative daily mean O3 (ppb/day) could be indirectly predicted by NF/CF based on the dry weight ratio of biomass, mean air temperature, and relative air humidity.
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Abbreviations
- AIC:
-
Akaike information criteria
- CDMO:
-
Cumulative daily mean ozone (ppb/day)
- CF:
-
Charcoal filtered air
- DW:
-
Dry weight
- NF:
-
Non-filtered air
- O3 :
-
Ozone
- OTC:
-
Open-top chamber
- ppb:
-
Parts per billion (nL/L)
- RH:
-
Relative humidity (%)
- T:
-
Temperature in Celsius
- VPD:
-
Vapor pressure deficit (kPa)
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Acknowledgments
This research was conducted with financial support from the Global Environmental Research Fund (C-7), Ministry of the Environment, Japan. We greatly appreciate the collaboration and arrangements with Dr. Tran Thi Ngoc Lan, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chih Minh City, Vietnam, and Dr. Yasuaki Maeda, JICA Expert, Ministry of the Natural Resources and Environment, Ha Noi, Vietnam. We also appreciate Mr. Ideta, Techno Systems Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan for his chemical analysis of air quality samples. Additionally, we thank the students and staff of the universities and CERES Inc. at Akagi Testing Center, CRIEPI for their support with the experiments. Finally, we thank Dr. M. Frei, University of Bonn, for his critical review and editorial suggestions regarding this manuscript.
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Kohno, Y., Matsumura, H., Miwa, M. et al. Indirect prediction of surface ozone concentration by plant growth responses in East Asia using mini-open top chambers. Environ Monit Assess 185, 2755–2765 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2746-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2746-2