Abstract
PM2.5 aerosol samples were collected at Gosan in Jeju Island during six intensive measurement periods between November 2001 and August 2003. In order to investigate the chemical composition of fine particles, major ion components, trace elements, and elemental and organic carbon were analyzed. Quite different seasonal characteristic in the chemical composition of fine particles was observed. The concentration of most secondary aerosol components showed a summer minimum and a winter maximum with higher correlation between them at Gosan. This fact clearly reveals the possibility of long-range transport of such pollutants in winter. On the other hand, OC and EC had the highest concentration and good correlation with ion components, such as K+, Ca2+ in fall. It means that biomass burning could significantly influence the ambient fine carbonaceous particulate in fall, which was primarily long-range transported.
References
Arimoto, R., Duce, R.A., Ray, B.J., Ellis, W.G., Cullen, J.D. and Merill, J.T.: 1995, ‘Trace elements in the atmosphere over the North Atlantic’, J. Geophys. Res. D1, 1119–1213.
Arimoto, R., Duce, R.A. and Savoie, D.L.: 1996, ‘Relationships among aerosol constituents from Asia and the North Pacific during PEM-West’, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 2011–2023.
Carmichael, G.R., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Hong, M.S. and Ueda, H.: 1996, ‘Seasonal variation of aerosol composition at Cheju Island, Korea’, Atmos. Environ. 30, 2407–2416.
Carmichael, G. R., Hong, M. S., Ueda, H., Chem, L., Murano, K., Park, J. K., Lee, H., Kim, Y., Kang, C. and Shim, S.: 1997, ‘Aerosol composition at Cheju Island, Korea’, J. Geophys. Res. 102(D5), 6047–6061.
Carmichael, G., Streets, D., Calorie, G., Amann, M., Jacobson, M., Hansen, J. and Ueda, H.: 2002, ‘Changing trends in sulfur deposition in Asia: Implications for acid deposition, air pollution and climate’, Environ. Sci. Technol. 36, 4707–4713.
Cheng, Z.L., Lam, K.S., Chan, L.Y., Wang, T. and Cheng, K.K.: 2000, ‘Chemical characteristics of aerosols at coastal station in Hong Kong I. Seasonal variation of major ions, halogens and mineral dusts between 1995 and 1996’, Atmos. Environ. 24, 2777–2783.
Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Pritchett, L.C., Pierson, W.R., Frazier, C.A. and Purcell, R.G.: 1993a, ‘The DRI thermal/optical reflectance carbon analysis system: Description, evaluation and applications in US air quality studies’, Aerosol Environ. 27A, 1185–1201.
Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Lowenthal, D.H., Solomon, P.A., Magliano, K.L., Ziman, S.D. and Richards, L.W.: 1993b, ‘PM10 and PM2.5 compositions in California’s San Joaquin Valley’, Aerosol Sci. and Tech. 18, 105–128.
Draxler, R.R.: 2002, HYSPLIT_4 User’s Guide (Online Version), NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-230. Retrieved from http://www.arl.noaa.gov/data/web/models/hysplit4/win95/ user_guide.pdf in March 2004.
Echalar, F., Gaudichet, A. and Cachier, H.: 1995, ‘Aerosol emissions by tropical forest and savanna biomass burning: Characteristic trace elements and fluxes’, Geophys. Res. Lett. 22(22), 3029–3042.
Ghim, Y.S., Kim, J.Y., Kim, Y., Moon, K.C., Moon, K.J., Han, J.S., Kim, S.W., Yoon, S.C. and Kwon, S.A.: 2003, ‘Concentration variations of persistent organic pollutants in Gosan, Jeju during the polluted period in November 2001 and the yellow sand period in Spring 2002, J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 19(5), 469–490.
Han, J.S., Moon, K.J., Ahn, J.Y., Hong, Y.D., Kim, Y.J. and Ryu,S.Y., Cliff, S.S., Cahill, T.A.: 2004, ‘Characteristics of ion components and trace elements of fine particles at Gosan, Korea in springtime from 2001 and 2002’, Environ. Monit. Assess. 92, 73–93.
Hu, M., He, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, M., Kim, Y.P. and Moon, K.C.: 2002, ‘Seasonal variation of ionic species in fine particles at Qingdao, China’, Atmos. Environ. 36, 5853–5859.
Huebert, B.J., Bates, T., Russel, P.B., Shi, G., Kim, Y.J., Kawamura, K., Carmichael, G. and Nakajima, T.: 2003, ‘An overview of ACE-Asia: Strategies for quantifying the relationships between Asian aerosols and their climatic impacts’, J. Geophys. Res. 108(D23), 9633.
Lee, S., Bae, G., Moon, K. and Kim, Y.P.: 2002, ‘Characteristics of TSP and PM2.5 measured at Tokchok Island in the Yellow Sea’, Atmos. Environ. 36, 5427–5435.
Liu, C.L., Zhang, J. and Shen, Z.B.: 2002, ‘Spatial and temporal variability of trace metals in aerosol from the desert region of China and the Yellow Sea’, J. Geophys. Res. 107(D14), 148–227.
Matsumoto, K., Uyama, Y., Hayano, T., Tanimoto, H., Uno, I. and Uematsu, M.: 2003, ‘Chemical properties and outflow patterns of anthropogenic and dust particles on Rishiri Island during the Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia)’, J. Geophys. Res. 108(D23), 8666.
Moon, K-C. et al.: 1998, Study on Long-range Transport of Air Pollutants in Northeastern Asia (III) (in Korean), Report to National Institute of Environment Research, Korea, Report No. BSG557–6191, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea.
Ramanathan, V., Carmichael, G., Crutzen, P.J., Holben, B., Prather, K., Prospero, J. and Savoie, D., Schauer, J.: 2003, Regional Aeorosol-Chemistry-Climate Observatories for the Indo-Asia-Pacific Region}, Proposal submitted to NOAA.
Taylor, S.R. and McLennan, S.M.: 1985, The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution, Blackwell Sci., Cambridge, p. 46.
USEPA: 1987, Protocol for Applying and Validating the CMB Model, EPA-450/4–87–010.
Wang, G., Huang, L., Gao, S., Gao, S. and Wang, L.: 2002, ‘Characterization of water-soluble species of PM10 and PM2.5 aerosols in urban area in Nanjing, China’, Atmos. Environ. 36, 1299–1307.
Watson, J.G.: 1988, Transections Receptor Models in Air Resources Management: An International Specialty Conference}, San Francisco, California, 491.
Zhang, Y. and Carmichael, G.R.: 1999. ‘The role of mineral aerosol in tropospheric chemistry in East Asia–-A model study’, J. Appl. Meteorol. 38, 353–366.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Han, J.S., Moon, K.J., Kong, B.J. et al. Seasonal Variation of Chemical Composition in Fine Particles at Gosan, Korea. Environ Monit Assess 107, 221–237 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-2381-2
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-2381-2