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Dispersal of conidia of Fusicladium eriobotryae and spatial patterns of scab in loquat orchards in Spain

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Abstract

Dispersal of conidia of Fusicladium eriobotryae, the causal agent of loquat scab, was investigated in two loquat orchards in Spain from 2010 to 2012. A volumetric spore sampler, horizontally and vertically orientated microscope slides, and rain collectors were placed in loquat fields to trap conidia of F. eriobotryae. No conidia were collected in the volumetric sampler, and highly variable numbers of conidia were collected in the rain gatherers. Large numbers of conidia were collected by microscope slides, particularly by those held in a horizontal orientation compared with those held in a vertical orientation. Approximately 90 % of the F. eriobotryae conidia were collected during rainy periods. Based on ROC and Bayesian analysis, using ≥ 0.2 mm rainfall as a cut-off value resulted in a high probability of correctly predicting actual conidial dispersal, and had a low probability of failing to predict actual conidial dispersal. Based on the index of dispersion and the binary power law, the incidence of loquat scab on fruit was highly aggregated in space between and within trees, and aggregation was influenced by disease incidence. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that F. eriobotryae is dispersed mainly in rain splash. The results will be integrated into a mechanistic, weather-driven, disease prediction model that should help growers to minimize fungicide application for the management of loquat scab.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Cooperativa Agrícola de Callosa d’En Sarrià (Alicante, Spain). Financial support by the Programa de Apoyo a la Investigación y Desarrollo (PAID-00-12) de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia for E. González-Domínguez during her 3-month stay at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Piacenza, Italy) is gratefully acknowledged. We would like to thank E. Soler, A. Perez and J.J. Giner for their technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    Elisa González-Domínguez, José García-Jiménez & Josep Armengol

  2. Istituto di Entomologia e Patologia vegetale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy

    Vittorio Rossi

  3. Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Sami Jorge Michereff

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  1. Elisa González-Domínguez
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  2. Vittorio Rossi
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Correspondence to Josep Armengol.

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González-Domínguez, E., Rossi, V., Michereff, S.J. et al. Dispersal of conidia of Fusicladium eriobotryae and spatial patterns of scab in loquat orchards in Spain. Eur J Plant Pathol 139, 849–861 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-014-0439-0

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