Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element. However, Se in soil is often accompanied by heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), because of geological background. The safe utilization of such Se-rich land resources remains a challenge. A typical Se-rich area located in Enshi County, China, was systematically investigated with geochemical and epidemiological methods. The results show that Se in the topsoil is 0.84 ± 1.39 μg/g, whereas that of Cd is 0.93 ± 1.63 μg/g. And the concentration of Se and Cd in corn is 0.22 ± 0.96 μg/g and 0.15 ± 0.32 μg/g, respectively, which is mainly related to the high concentrations in soil. The benchmark dose limit of urinary Cd for β2-microglobulin in subjects (n = 160) was calculated as 3.27 µg/g Cr. In view of crop–human dose effect and combining the relationship among the concentrations of crops and human biomarkers and the concentrations of crops and topsoil, this study established the models of land resource safety zoning. With that, the risk screening value of Cd in the soil could be obtained as 0.98 μg/g in this typical area. The proportions of priority utilization, safe utilization, and strict management of agricultural land area were 58.85%, 22.90%, and 18.25%, respectively, in Enshi, China. These results could provide scientific support for local agricultural development and ecological sustainability.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFD0800304) and the Land and Resources Survey Project of China Geological Survey (Grant Nos. DD20190524-06, DD20160323, and 1212011220319). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (Grant No. 201806405022). We thank Dr. Linxi Yuan for helping improve the manuscript. Chemical analysis for corn and soil samples was carried out in Anhui National Research Center for Geoanalysis. We would like to express our sincere thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.
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Yu, T., Hou, W., Hou, Q. et al. Safe utilization and zoning on natural selenium-rich land resources: a case study of the typical area in Enshi County, China. Environ Geochem Health 42, 2803–2818 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00519-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00519-0