Abstract
The aim of this research is to determine the design criteria of habitable spaces with microclimate data for ecological urbanization. Different types of housing in the city of Erzurum, which is in the northeast region of Turkey, were used in this study. The hourly microclimate and air pollution data from 2018 for the city center were used to analyze the relationships between different residential textures, air pollution, green area, and thermal comfort. The data of Ata Botanical Garden, where trees are dense, and the vicinity of the city center, where air pollution is most intense, are discussed. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) and sky view factor (SVF) data were analyzed with a RayMan Pro 2.1 computer model. Spatial settlement area analyses were conducted by evaluating the SVF values in ArcGIS 10.3. The relationships between air pollution, residential textures, and SVF data were determined. A comparative analysis of existing green areas was undertaken with the pollution forecast maps. The statistical results indicated that there is a difference in the relationship between the thermal comfort and air pollution of the residential textures and the SVF value of the study area according to the seasons. A strong relationship was found in the present study between pollutants and SVF, while it is weaker for green areas. Air pollution was observed to have the lowest density in the areas where detached house types are located among the different residential textures. In addition, in the same area, street geometry is closer to its ideal form, and therefore thermal comfort is also at a higher level. As a result of this study, residential textures were found to have effects on air pollution and thermal comfort.
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Acknowledgments
This work was orally presented at the “ICEEE’2020 International Conference on Economics, Energy and Environment, Türkiye, 25- 27 Haziran 2020". Authors present their special thanks to "Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, TÜBİTAK under Project No: 215O627" and Turkish State Meteorological Service (DMI) for sharing their data free of charge. We would also like to thank the Ministry of Environment and Urbanism, General Directorate of Environmental Management, Laboratory, Measurement and Monitoring Department, Clean Air Center (CAC) "Air Quality Preliminary Studies" for helping us with the pollution data of the city of Erzurum, which we needed in the early stages of the project, and for sharing their valuable measurement results with us. The authors expressed their special thanks to a part of Elif Nur Sari's Master's thesis.
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Yilmaz, S., Sezen, I. & Sari, E.N. The relationships between ecological urbanization, green areas, and air pollution in Erzurum/Turkey. Environ Ecol Stat 28, 733–759 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10651-021-00484-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10651-021-00484-6