Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Concerns and Expectations: Burmese Refugee Parents’ Perspectives on Their Children’s Learning in American Schools

  • Published:
Early Childhood Education Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore Burmese refugee parents’ perspectives on the challenges they have experienced and the support that they expect to receive from their children’s schools and teachers. The data sources include interviews and informal conversations during home visits. The findings of this study show that two major challenges experienced by the participants were language barriers and challenges of parent involvement in children’s learning. The findings also indicate two kinds of support that the parents expected to receive from schools: after-school programs and school activities. Based on the findings, teachers and schools should provide after-school support, such as translation services for parents to help them communicate with teachers and understand letters from school. In addition, teachers and schools need to provide more opportunities for refugee parents to participate in school activities so they can be involved in their children’s education and build effective relationships with teachers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Albrecht, N., & Upadhyay, B. (2018). What do refugee mothers want in urban US school science: Learning from the perceptions of science of three Somali mothers. The Urban Review,50(4), 604–629.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, D. P., & Meyer, M. A. (2015). Social capital and community resilience. American Behavioral Scientist,59(2), 254–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bear, D. R., Invernizzi, M., & Templeton, S. (1996). Words their way: Phonics, spelling and vocabulary instruction, K-8. Columbus: Merrill/Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology,94, 95–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of social theory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collier, V. (1989). How long? A synthesis of research on academic achievement in a second language. TESOL Quarterly,23, 509–531.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connelly, F. M., & Clandinin, D. J. (1990). Stories of experience and narrative inquiry. Educational Researcher,19(5), 2–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connor, P., & Krogstad, J. M. (2018). For the first time, U.S. resettles fewer. Washington D.C: Pew Research Center Fact Tank

    Google Scholar 

  • Cummins, J. (1981). Age on arrival and immigrant second language learning in Canada: A reassessment. Applied Linguistics,2, 132–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniel, S. M. (2019). Writing our identities for successful endeavors: Resettled refugee youth look to the future. Journal of Research in Childhood Education,33(1), 71–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durgunoglu, A. Y., & Hughes, T. (2010). How prepared are the U. S. preservice teachers to teach English language learners? International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education,22(1), 32–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, J. L. (1986). Parents’ reactions to teacher practices of parent involvement. The Elementary School Journal,86(3), 277–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gee, J. P. (2013). Discourse and “the new literacy studies”. In J. P. Gee & M. Handford (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 397–408). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giovacco-Johnson, T. (2009). Portraits of partnership: The hopes and dreams project. Early Childhood Education Journal,37(2), 127–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glesne, C. (2011). Becoming qualitative researchers (4th ed.). New York: Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregg, K., Rugg, M., & Stoneman, Z. (2012). Building on the hopes and dreams of Latino families with young children: Findings from family member focus groups. Early Childhood Education Journal,40(2), 87–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hernandez, D. J., & Charney, E. (1998). From generation to generation: The health and well-being of children in immigrant families. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hickey, G. (2005). ‘This is American get punished’: Unpacking narratives of Southeast Asian refugees in the US. Intercultural Education,16(1), 25–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hope, J. (2008). “One day we had to run”: The development of the refugee identity in children’s literature and its function in education. Children’s Literature in Education,39(4), 295–304.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horvat, E. M., Weininger, E. G., & Lareau, A. (2003). From social ties to social capital: Class differences in the relations between schools and parent networks. American Educational Research Journal,40(2), 319–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isik-Ercan, Z. (2010). Looking at school from the house window: Learning from Turkish–American parents’ experiences with early elementary education in the United States. Early Childhood Education Journal,38(2), 133–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isik-Ercan, Z. (2012). In pursuit of a new perspective in the education of children of the refugees: Advocacy for the “family”. Educational Science,12(4), 3025–3038.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. H. (2016). Understanding narrative inquiry. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knopf, H. T., & Swick, K. J. (2008). Using our understanding of families to strengthen family involvement. Early Childhood Education Journal,35(5), 419–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koyama, J., & Chang, E. (2019). Schools as refuge? The politics and policy of educating refugees in Arizona. Educational Policy,33(1), 136–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, G. (2018). Divergent paths, same destiny: A Bourdieusian perspective on refugee families’ negotiation of urban school transition in the US. European Journal of Education,53(4), 469–480.

    Google Scholar 

  • McBrien, J. L. (2005). Educational needs and barriers for refugee students in the United States: A review of the literature. Review of Educational Research,75(3), 329–364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merry, L., Pelaez, S., & Edwards, N. C. (2017). Refugees, asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants and the experience of parenthood: A synthesis of the qualitative literature. Globalization and Health,13(1), 75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll, L., Amanti, C., Neff, D., & Gonzalez, N. (1992). Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms. Theory into Practice,31(2), 132–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morse, A. (2005). A look at immigrant youth: Prospects and promising practices. Denver: National Conference of State Legislatures.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, L. (2000). Learning English and learning America: Immigrants in the center of a storm. Theory into Practice,39(4), 196–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pastoor, L. D. W. (2015). The mediational role of schools in supporting psychosocial transitions among unaccompanied young refugees upon resettlement in Norway. International Journal of Educational Development,41, 245–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perez, P. A., & McDonough, P. M. (2008). Understanding Latina and Latino college choice: A social capital and chain migration analysis. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education,7(3), 249–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polkinghorne, D. E. (1995). Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education,8(1), 5–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ponizovsky, A. M., & Ritsner, M. S. (2004). Patterns of loneliness in an immigrant population. Comprehensive Psychiatry,45(5), 408–414.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ream, R. K., & Palardy, G. J. (2008). Reexamining social class differences in the avail- ability and the educational utility of parental social capital. American Educational Research Journal,45(2), 238–273.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, A. D., & Bacon, R. (2018). Interventions supporting the social integration of refugee children and youth in school communities: A review of the literature. Advances in Social Work,18(3), 745–766.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, T. (2006). Caribbean families, social capital and young people’s diasporic identities. Ethnic and Racial Studies,29(6), 1087–1103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, T. (2010). Editorial introduction: young people, social capital and ethnic identity. Ethnic and Racial Studies,33(5), 749–760.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy, L., & Roxas, K. C. (2011). Whose deficit is this anyhow? Exploring counter-stories of Somali Bantu refugees’ experiences in “doing school”. Harvard Educational Review,81(3), 521–541.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, S., & Ream, R. K. (2016). Variation across Hispanic immigrant generations in parent social capital, college-aligned actions, and four-year college enrollment. American Educational Research Journal,53(4), 953–986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saldaña, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. Los Angeles: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Segal, U. A., & Mayadas, N. S. (2005). Assessment of issues facing immigrant and refugee families. Child Welfare,84(5), 563.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, S., Farrelly, R., & Curry, M. J. (Eds.). (2018). Educating refugee-background students: Critical issues and dynamic contexts. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Sylvia, M. R., & Ridzi, F. (2015). Exploring the literacy practices of refugee families enrolled in a book distribution program and an intergenerational family literacy program. Early Childhood Education Journal,43(1), 37–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snell, A. M. S. (2018). Parent-School engagement in a public elementary school in southern Arizona: Immigrant and refugee parent perspectives. School Community Journal,28(2), 113–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sohn, S., & Wang, X. C. (2006). Immigrant parents’ involvement in American schools: Perspectives from Korean mothers. Early Childhood Education Journal,34(2), 125–132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spradley, J. P. (1980). Participant observation. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, R. L. (2016). The right to quality education for refugee children through social inclusion. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work,1(4), 193–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Villalonga-Olives, E., & Kawachi, I. (2015). The measurement of social capital. Gaceta Sanitaria,29, 62–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, B. A., Romo, G., & Jeon, H. J. (2018). Parental perspectives on transition to kindergarten videos to promote family involvement. Early Childhood Education Journal,46(6), 655–663.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, L. (2002). Connection matters: Exploring the implications of social capital and social networks for social policy. Systems Research and Behavioral Science,19(3), 255–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, M. (1991). Forging partnerships with preschool parents: The road to school success begins in the home. Principal,70(5), 25–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winterbottom, C. (2013). Voices of the minority: Japanese immigrant mothers’ perceptions of preschools in the United States. Early Childhood Education Journal,41(3), 219–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolcock, M. (2001). The place of social capital in understanding social and economic outcomes. Canadian Journal of Policy Research,2(1), 11–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, W. (2010). Foundations for teaching English language leaners. Philadelphia: Caslon Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, K. (2004). Southeast Asian American children: Not the model minority. Future of Children,14(2), 127–133.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aijuan Cun.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cun, A. Concerns and Expectations: Burmese Refugee Parents’ Perspectives on Their Children’s Learning in American Schools. Early Childhood Educ J 48, 263–272 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-019-00983-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-019-00983-z

Keywords

Navigation