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Anadromy sustained in the artificially land-locked population of Sakhalin taimen in northern Japan

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Abstract

The conservation of land-locked populations of migratory fishes is increasingly important in the era of dam removal and habitat reconnection. We used an otolith strontium (Sr) tracer (87Sr/86Sr) to test the hypothesis that a land-locked population of an endangered salmonine species, Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi), retains the capacity for anadromy, and that some individuals out-migrate from the reservoir to the sea. Years later, these individuals return but are blocked by the migration barrier of the reservoir dam and are denied reproduction in their natal streams. Juvenile taimen collected from the reservoir and two nearby regions were classified based on their otolith Sr isotopic signatures to their regions of origin with an overall accuracy of 88%. When the same classifier was applied to ocean-caught adult taimen, we predicted some individuals had originated from the reservoir with high posterior probabilities (> 0.9). Whether the land-locked Sakhalin taimen can help sustain the metapopulation dynamics of the species at the watershed scale may depend on whether, and how soon, the disrupted migration pathway is restored.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Hiroki Mizumoto and Yuki Shimamoto for assistance with water and fish sampling. Pete Rand and Naoki Murakami provided adult taimen samples. Marino Research Co., Ltd. prepared otolith samples for Sr isotopic analysis. We are grateful to Hirokazu Urabe, Koichi Osanai and the members of the Sarufutsu Sakhalin Taimen Conservation Group for providing logistical support. We also appreciate the information provided on various topics by the following individuals: Mitsugu Katayama on the Hokushin Dam and Reservoir, Yuji Seo on taimen habitats in the study area, and Toshiyuki Kawajiri on river works in the Koetoi Basin. Kotaro Shirai provided in-house calcium carbonate standards used for the MC-ICP-MS assays. Pete Rand, Kurt Fausch and two anonymous referees provided valuable comments that improved this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan

    Michio Fukushima & Akane Yamakawa

  2. Department of Earth & Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    Chiyo Harada & Tsuyoshi Iizuka

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  1. Michio Fukushima
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  2. Chiyo Harada
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  3. Akane Yamakawa
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  4. Tsuyoshi Iizuka
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Correspondence to Michio Fukushima.

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Fukushima, M., Harada, C., Yamakawa, A. et al. Anadromy sustained in the artificially land-locked population of Sakhalin taimen in northern Japan. Environ Biol Fish 102, 1219–1230 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-019-00904-4

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