Summary
We recently synthesized from aconitine a series of drugs with in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties, among which bis[O-(14-benzoylaconine-8-yl)]suberate (BBAS) was the most active (Eur J Med Chem 2012; 54: 343). In the present work, we used the NCI panel of 60 human tumor cell lines to identify the most sensitive cell lines and drugs with comparable cytotoxicity profiles. GI50 values of BBAS ranged between 0.12 and 6.5 μM. Activity was higher than average for leukemia and melanoma cell lines, especially SK-MEL-5 and SK-MEL-28, for the COLO-205 and HT-29 (colorectal) and MDA-MB-468 (breast) cancer cell lines. We evaluated the correlation between the GI50 of BBAS and those of 125 antiproliferative compounds with various mechanisms of action, using Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, and we observed a highly significant correlation with the GI50s of nitrosoureas. Interestingly, BBAS cytotoxicity was inversely correlated with the expression levels of MGMT (p = 0.009), an enzyme involved in the repair of nitrosourea-induced DNA damage. However, no correlation was found with the expression of 102 other genes involved in DNA repair. Antitumor activity was tested on immunodeficient mice with subcutaneously xenografted COLO-205, HT-29, MDA-MB-468, SK-MEL-5 and SK-MEL-28 cell lines. At 10 mg/kg, there was a significant reduction in tumor size with T/C values of 41 % and 43 % for COLO-205 and SK-MEL-28 cell lines, respectively. The drug was less active on HT-29 and SK-MEL-5 and inactive on MDA-MB-468 xenografts. Cell cycle studies showed an accumulation of BBAS-treated cells in G2/M phase after treatment at 20 μM. Together, our results allowed the identification of a potentially new class of anticancer agent displaying a mechanism of action related to that of nitrosoureas.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by funds from Conseil Régional d’Aquitaine and from the Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Comité des Landes). We thank Dr Jean-Luc Chagnaud, Dr Carlos Larraya and Dr Jacques Susperregui, from Aquitaine Science Transfert, for their support and Dr Philippe Pourquier for brushing up the manuscript.
Ethical standards
Experiments were performed in accordance with the European Community Standards on the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of University Bordeaux Segalen.
Conflicts of interest
None of the authors has a financial relationship with the organization that sponsored the research.
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Chodoeva, A., Bosc, JJ., Lartigue, L. et al. Antitumor activity of semisynthetic derivatives of Aconitum alkaloids. Invest New Drugs 32, 60–67 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10637-013-9986-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10637-013-9986-z