Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the association between automated perimetry, multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa (RP).
Methods
Twenty-five patients with advanced RP were included. Central visual field sensitivity (VFS) was evaluated using an average of visual sensitivity value at central four test points during central 30-2 static automated perimetry. OCT imaging was conducted, and the inner and outer segment (IS/OS) line was classified into three groups: Group 1, absence; Group 2, partially intact; and Group 3, intact. Central retinal thickness (CRT) that is the retinal thickness of central 3.0 mm was also evaluated. Average amplitude and implicit time of N1 and P1 in ring 1 and 2 were measured on mfERG. Comparisons of VFS, mfERG and OCT among the three subgroups were performed following IS/OS integrity. Relationship among VFS, mfERG and CRT was evaluated by regression analysis.
Results
Group 3 patients with an intact IS/OS line showed a better VFS, and amplitude of mfERG response than those of Group 1 and 2. VFS and amplitudes of mfERG were correlated significantly with CRT in linear regression analysis.
Conclusions
Disrupted IS/OS integrity was associated with visual dysfunction which was shown by decreased amplitude of mfERG response and reduced central VFS. CRT was significantly correlated with amplitude of mfERG response and central VFS. An eye with the more reduced CRT was associated with the worse amplitude of mfERG response and central VFS.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CRT:
-
Central retinal thickness
- IS/OS:
-
Inner and outer segment
- VFS:
-
Visual field sensitivity
References
Musarella MA, Macdonald IM (2011) Current concepts in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa. J Ophthalmol 2011:753547
Cronin T, Leveillard T, Sahel JA (2007) Retinal degenerations: from cell signaling to cell therapy; pre-clinical and clinical issues. Curr Gene Ther 7(2):121–129
Marc RE, Jones BW, Watt CB, Strettoi E (2003) Neural remodeling in retinal degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 22(5):607–655
Li ZY, Kljavin IJ, Milam AH (1995) Rod photoreceptor neurite sprouting in retinitis pigmentosa. J Neurosci 15(8):5429–5438
Hamel C (2006) Retinitis pigmentosa. Orphanet J Rare Dis 1:40
Sun X, Pawlyk B, Xu X, Liu X, Bulgakov OV, Adamian M, Sandberg MA, Khani SC, Tan MH, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Li T (2010) Gene therapy with a promoter targeting both rods and cones rescues retinal degeneration caused by AIPL1 mutations. Gene Ther 17(1):117–131
Bainbridge JW, Smith AJ, Barker SS, Robbie S, Henderson R, Balaggan K, Viswanathan A, Holder GE, Stockman A, Tyler N, Petersen-Jones S, Bhattacharya SS, Thrasher AJ, Fitzke FW, Carter BJ, Rubin GS, Moore AT, Ali RR (2008) Effect of gene therapy on visual function in Leber’s congenital amaurosis. N Engl J Med 358(21):2231–2239
Maguire AM, Simonelli F, Pierce EA, Pugh EN Jr, Mingozzi F, Bennicelli J, Banfi S, Marshall KA, Testa F, Surace EM, Rossi S, Lyubarsky A, Arruda VR, Konkle B, Stone E, Sun J, Jacobs J, Dell’Osso L, Hertle R, Ma JX, Redmond TM, Zhu X, Hauck B, Zelenaia O, Shindler KS, Maguire MG, Wright JF, Volpe NJ, McDonnell JW, Auricchio A, High KA, Bennett J (2008) Safety and efficacy of gene transfer for Leber’s congenital amaurosis. N Engl J Med 358(21):2240–2248
Busskamp V, Duebel J, Balya D, Fradot M, Viney TJ, Siegert S, Groner AC, Cabuy E, Forster V, Seeliger M, Biel M, Humphries P, Paques M, Mohand-Said S, Trono D, Deisseroth K, Sahel JA, Picaud S, Roska B (2010) Genetic reactivation of cone photoreceptors restores visual responses in retinitis pigmentosa. Science 329(5990):413–417
Enzmann V, Yolcu E, Kaplan HJ, Ildstad ST (2009) Stem cells as tools in regenerative therapy for retinal degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 127(4):563–571
Lund RD, Wang S, Klimanskaya I, Holmes T, Ramos-Kelsey R, Lu B, Girman S, Bischoff N, Sauve Y, Lanza R (2006) Human embryonic stem cell-derived cells rescue visual function in dystrophic RCS rats. Cloning Stem Cells 8(3):189–199
Radtke ND, Aramant RB, Petry HM, Green PT, Pidwell DJ, Seiler MJ (2008) Vision improvement in retinal degeneration patients by implantation of retina together with retinal pigment epithelium. Am J Ophthalmol 146(2):172–182
MacLaren RE, Pearson RA, MacNeil A, Douglas RH, Salt TE, Akimoto M, Swaroop A, Sowden JC, Ali RR (2006) Retinal repair by transplantation of photoreceptor precursors. Nature 444(7116):203–207
Humayun MS, de Juan E Jr. (1998) Artificial vision. Eye (Lond). 12(Pt 3b):605–607
Margalit E, Maia M, Weiland JD, Greenberg RJ, Fujii GY, Torres G, Piyathaisere DV, O’Hearn TM, Liu W, Lazzi G, Dagnelie G, Scribner DA, de Juan E Jr, Humayun MS (2002) Retinal prosthesis for the blind. Surv Ophthalmol 47(4):335–356
Sandberg MA, Brockhurst RJ, Gaudio AR, Berson EL (2005) The association between visual acuity and central retinal thickness in retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 46(9):3349–3354
Wolsley CJ, Silvestri G, O’Neill J, Saunders KJ, Anderson RS (2009) The association between multifocal electroretinograms and OCT retinal thickness in retinitis pigmentosa patients with good visual acuity. Eye (Lond) 23(7):1524–1531
Aleman TS, Cideciyan AV, Sumaroka A, Windsor EA, Herrera W, White DA, Kaushal S, Naidu A, Roman AJ, Schwartz SB, Stone EM, Jacobson SG (2008) Retinal laminar architecture in human retinitis pigmentosa caused by rhodopsin gene mutations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49(4):1580–1590
Li Q, Timmers AM, Hunter K, Gonzalez-Pola C, Lewin AS, Reitze DH, Hauswirth WW (2001) Noninvasive imaging by optical coherence tomography to monitor retinal degeneration in the mouse. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42(12):2981–2989
Horio N, Kachi S, Hori K, Okamoto Y, Yamamoto E, Terasaki H, Miyake Y (2001) Progressive change of optical coherence tomography scans in retinal degeneration slow mice. Arch Ophthalmol 119(9):1329–1332
Aizawa S, Mitamura Y, Baba T, Hagiwara A, Ogata K, Yamamoto S (2009) Correlation between visual function and photoreceptor inner/outer segment junction in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Eye (Lond) 23(2):304–308
Witkin AJ, Ko TH, Fujimoto JG, Chan A, Drexler W, Schuman JS, Reichel E, Duker JS (2006) Ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography assessment of photoreceptors in retinitis pigmentosa and related diseases. Am J Ophthalmol 142(6):945–952
Matsuo T, Morimoto N (2007) Visual acuity and perimacular retinal layers detected by optical coherence tomography in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Br J Ophthalmol 91(7):888–890
Hood DC, Odel JG, Chen CS, Winn BJ (2003) The multifocal electroretinogram. J Neuroophthalmol 23(3):225–235
Seeliger M, Kretschmann U, Apfelstedt-Sylla E, Ruther K, Zrenner E (1998) Multifocal electroretinography in retinitis pigmentosa. Am J Ophthalmol 125(2):214–226
Hood DC, Holopigian K, Greenstein V, Seiple W, Li J, Sutter EE, Carr RE (1998) Assessment of local retinal function in patients with retinitis pigmentosa using the multi-focal ERG technique. Vision Res 38(1):163–179
Gränse L, Ponjavic V, Andréasson S (2004) Full-field ERG, multifocal ERG and multifocal VEP in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and residual central visual fields. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 82(6):701–706
Nagy D, Schönfisch B, Zrenner E, Jägle H (2008) Long-term follow-up of retinitis pigmentosa patients with multifocal electroretinography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49(10):4664–4671
Marmor MF, Fulton AB, Holder GE, Miyake Y, Brigell M, Bach M (2009) ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2008 update). Doc Ophthalmol 118(1):69–77
Pons ME, Garcia-Valenzuela E (2005) Redefining the limit of the outer retina in optical coherence tomography scans. Ophthalmology 112(6):1079–1085
Hood DC, Bach M, Brigell M, Keating D, Kondo M, Lyons JS, Palmowski-Wolfe AM (2008) ISCEV guidelines for clinical multifocal electroretinography (2007 edition). Doc Ophthalmol 116(1):1–11
Andréasson SO, Sandberg MA, Berson EL (1998) Narrow-band filtering for monitoring low-amplitude cone electroretinograms in retinitis pigmentosa. Am J Ophthalmol 105(5):500–503
Gerth C, Wright T, Heon E, Westall CA (2007) Assessment of central retinal function in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48(3):1312–1318
Vámos R, Tatrai E, Nemeth J, Holder GE, DeBuc DC, Somfai GM (2011) The structure and function of the macula in patients with advanced retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52(11):8425–8432
Wen Y, Klein M, Hood DC, Birch DG (2012) Relationships among multifocal electroretinogram amplitude, visual field sensitivity, and SD-OCT receptor layer thickness in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 53(2):833–840
Hood DC, Lazow MA, Locke KG, Greenstein VC, Birch DG (2011) The transition zone between healthy and diseased retina in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52(1):101–108
Jacobson SG, Roman AJ, Aleman TS, Sumaroka A, Herrera W, Windsor EA, Atkinson LA, Schwartz SB, Steinberg JD, Cideciyan AV (2010) Normal central retinal function and structure preserved in retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51(2):1079–1085
Chang LK, Koizumi H, Spaide RF (2008) Disruption of the photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment junction in eyes with macular holes. Retina 28(7):969–975
Wang NK, Chou CL, Lima LH, Cella W, Tosi J, Yannuzzi LA, Tsang SH (2009) Fundus autofluorescence in cone dystrophy. Doc Ophthalmol 119(2):141–144
Sugita T, Kondo M, Piao CH, Ito Y, Terasaki H (2008) Correlation between macular volume and focal macular electroretinogram in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49(8):3551–3558
Jacobson SG, Cideciyan AV, Iannaccone A, Weleber RG, Fishman GA, Maguire AM, Affatigato LM, Bennett J, Pierce EA, Danciger M, Farber DB, Stone EM (2000) Disease expression of RP1 mutations causing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41(7):1898–1908
Jacobson SG, Cideciyan AV, Huang Y, Hanna DB, Freund CL, Affatigato LM, Carr RE, Zack DJ, Stone EM, McInnes RR (1998) Retinal degenerations with truncation mutations in the cone-rod homeobox (CRX) gene. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 39(12):2417–2426
Conflict of interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moon, C.H., Park, T.K. & Ohn, YH. Association between multifocal electroretinograms, optical coherence tomography and central visual sensitivity in advanced retinitis pigmentosa. Doc Ophthalmol 125, 113–122 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10633-012-9342-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10633-012-9342-1