Skip to main content
Log in

Information control in networked discrete event systems and its application to battery management systems

  • Published:
Discrete Event Dynamic Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Opacity is an important property in control of information flow among networked agents. In this paper, we investigate information control problems in networked discrete event systems using opacity. In a networked discrete event system, communication among agents is via a shared communication network. Since delays and losses are unavoidable in networked discrete event systems, they must be considered in investigating opacity. We call opacity under communication delays and losses network opacity. We first define three network opacities: strong network opacity, weak network opacity, and network non-opacity. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for network opacities and develop methods to check network opacities. We then apply network opacity to solve a problem in battery management systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andres ME, Palamidessi C, Smith G (2015) Preface to the special issue on quantitative information flow. Math Struct Comput Sci 25(2):203–206

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Badouel E, Bednarczyk M, Borzyszkowski A, Caillaud B, Darondeau P (2007) Concurrent secrets. Discrete Event Dynamic Systems: Theory and Applications 17(4):425–446

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Kalefa M, Lin F (2011) Supervisory control for opacity of discrete event systems, proceedings of 49th annual allerton conference on communication. Control, and Computing:1113–1119

  • Bérard B, Mullins J, Sassolas M (2015a) Quantifying opacity. Math Struct Comput Sci 25(2):361–403

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Bérard B, Chatterjee K, Sznajder N (2015b) Probabilistic opacity for Markov decision processes. Inf Process Lett 115(1):52–59

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Bérard B, Haddad S, Lefaucheux E (2017) Probabilistic disclosure: Maximisation vs. minimisation. In: Proceedings of 37th IARCS annual conference on foundations of software technology and theoretical computer science (FSTTCS 2017), Kanpur, India

  • Bryans JW, Koutny M, Ryan P (2005) Modeling opacity using petri nets. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 121:101–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryans JW, Koutny M, Mazaré L, Ryan PY (2008) Opacity generalised to transition systems. Int J Inf Secur 7(6):421–435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho LK, Basilio JC, Moreira MV (2012) Robust diagnosis of discrete event systems against intermittent loss of observations. Automatica 48(9):2068–2078

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Cassandras CG, Lafortune S (2008) Introduction to discrete event systems. Springer, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Cassez F, Dubreil J, Marchand H (2012) Synthesis of opaque systems with static and dynamic masks. Formal Methods in System Design 40(1):88–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debouk R, Lafortune S, Teneketzis D (2003) On the effect of communication delays in failure diagnosis of decentralized discrete event systems. Discrete Event Dynamic Systems: Theory and Applications 13(3):263–289

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Dubreil J, Darondeau P, Marchand H (2010) Supervisory control for opacity. IEEE Trans Autom Control 55(5):1089–1100

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Jacob R, Lesage J-J, Faure J -M (2016) Overview of discrete event systems opacity: models, validation, and quantification. Annu Rev Control 41:135–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keroglou C, Hadjicostis CN (2018) Probabilistic system opacity in discrete event systems. Discrete Event Dynamic Systems: Theory and Applications

  • Lafortune S, Lin F (2017) From diagnosability to opacity: A brief history of diagnosability or lack thereof. In: Proceedings of 20th IFAC world congress, pp 3022–3027

  • Lakhnech Y, Mazaré L (2005) Probabilistic opacity for a passive adversary and its application to chaum’s voting scheme. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive: 98

  • Lin F (2011) Opacity of discrete event systems and its applications. Automatica 47(3):496–503

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Lin F (2014) Control of networked discrete event systems: dealing with communication delays and losses. SIAM J Control Optim 52(2):1276–1298

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes CE, Moreira MV, Alves MV, Carvalho LK, Basilio JC (2018) Codiagnosability of networked discrete event systems subject to communication delays and intermittent loss of observation. Discrete Event Dynamic Systems: 1–32

  • Ryan PY, Peacock T (2007) Opacity-further insights on an information flow property. Technical Report Series-University of Newcastle Upon Tyne Computing Science 958

  • Saboori A, Hadjicostis CN (2007) Notions of security and opacity in discrete event systems. In: Proceedings of the 46th IEEE conference on decision and control (CDC), pp 5056–5061

  • Saboori A, Hadjicostis CN (2011) Verification of k-step opacity and analysis of its complexity. IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng 8(3):549–559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saboori A, Hadjicostis CN (2008) Opacity-enforcing supervisory strategies for secure discrete event systems. In: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE conference on decision and control (CDC), pp 889–894

  • Saboori A, Hadjicostis CN (2014) Current-state opacity formulations in probabilistic finite automata. IEEE Trans Autom Control 59(1):120–133

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Shu S, Lin F (2011) Generalized detectability for discrete event systems. Systems & Control Letters 60:310–317

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Shu S, Lin F (2014) Decentralized control of networked discrete event systems with communication delays. Automatica 50(8):2108–2112

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Shu S, Lin F (2017) Predictive networked control of discrete event systems. IEEE Trans Autom Control 62(9):4698–4705

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Tong Y, Li Z, Seatzu C, Giua A (2017) Verification of state-based opacity using petri nets. IEEE Trans Autom Control 62(6):2823–2837

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Tong Y, Li Z, Seatzu C, Giua A (2017) Decidability of opacity verification problems in labeled petri net systems. Automatica 80:48–53

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Wonham WM (2017) Design Software: TCT, available at University of Toronto, https://www.control.utoronto.ca/DES/Research.html

  • Wu YC, Lafortune S (2013) Comparative analysis of related notions of opacity in centralized and coordinated architectures. Discrete Event Dynamic Systems 23(3):307–339

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang B, Shu S, Lin F (2012) Polynomial algorithm to check opacity in discrete event system. Proceedings of 24th Chinese Control and Decision Conference:763–769

  • Zhang B, Shu S, Lin F (2015) Maximum information release while ensuring opacity in discrete event systems. IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng 12(3):1067–1079

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation of U.S.A. under Grant 1507096, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61673297 and 61374058.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Feng Lin.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lin, F., Wang, L.Y., Chen, W. et al. Information control in networked discrete event systems and its application to battery management systems. Discrete Event Dyn Syst 30, 243–268 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10626-019-00303-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10626-019-00303-y

Keywords

Navigation