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Fenugreek potent activity against nitrate-induced diabetes in young and adult male rats

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Abstract

Nitrate has described as an endocrine disruptor that promotes onset of diabetes. This study was undertaken to evaluate diabetic effect of high nitrate intake in young and adult male rats and its amelioration by fenugreek administration. The study revealed significant increase in serum glucose and blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), while serum insulin and liver glycogen were decreased among nitrate exposed animals, in particular the young group. A significant reduction in the body weight gain and serum thyroid hormones (T4 & T3) was also recorded. Further reduction in serum levels of urea and creatinine, as well as total protein in serum, liver and pancreas was demonstrated, with elevation in their levels in the urine of all nitrate exposed groups. Meanwhile, the activity of serum transaminases (ALT and AST) was increased, with decline in their activity in the liver tissue. In addition, an elevation in serum total bilirubin, tissues (liver and pancreas) nitric oxide and lipid profile, as well as liver activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was recorded. Fenugreek administration to nitrate exposed rats was found to be effective in alleviating hyperglycemia and other biochemical changes characterizing nitrate-induced diabetes. So, fenugreek can be considered to possess potent activity against onset of nitrate induced-diabetes.

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Abbreviations

NC:

Normal control

FG:

Fenugreek

NT:

Nitrate

NT + FG:

Nitrate + fenugreek

NaNO3 :

Sodium nitrate

HbA1c%:

Glycosylated Hb

T3:

Triiodothyronine

T4:

Thyroxin

ALT:

Alanine aminotransferase

AST:

Aspartate aminotransferase

TL:

Total lipids

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglycerides

PLs:

Phospholipids

HDL-C:

High density lipoprotein cholesterol

LDL-C:

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol

VLDL-C:

Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol

NO:

Nitric oxide

G-6-Pase:

Glucose-6-phosphatase

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

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Acknowledgments

The authors appreciate the financial support from Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; Egypt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Azza M. El-Wakf, Hanaa A. Hassan & Marwa N. Habza

  2. Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ashraf Z. Mahmoud

Authors
  1. Azza M. El-Wakf
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  2. Hanaa A. Hassan
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  3. Ashraf Z. Mahmoud
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  4. Marwa N. Habza
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Correspondence to Hanaa A. Hassan.

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El-Wakf, A.M., Hassan, H.A., Mahmoud, A.Z. et al. Fenugreek potent activity against nitrate-induced diabetes in young and adult male rats. Cytotechnology 67, 437–447 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-014-9702-7

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