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The simulated microgravity enhances multipotential differentiation capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

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Abstract

Multi-differentiation capability is an essential characteristic of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Method on obtaining higher-quality stem cells with an improved differentiation potential has gained significant attention for the treatment of clinical diseases and developmental biology. In our study, we investigated the multipotential differentiation capacity of BMSCs under simulated microgravity (SMG) condition. F-actin staining found that cytoskeleton took on a time-dependent change under SMG condition, which caused spindle to round morphological change of the cultured cells. Quantitative PCR and Western Blotting showed the pluripotency marker OCT4 was up-regulated in the SMG condition especially after SMG of 72 h, which we observed would be the most appropriate SMG duration for enhancing pluripotency of BMSCs. After dividing BMSCs into normal gravity (NG) group and SMG group, we induced them respectively in endothelium oriented, adipogenic and neuronal induction media. Immunostaining and Western Blotting found that endothelium oriented differentiated BMSCs expressed higher VWF and CD31 in the SMG group than in the NG group. The neuron-like cells derived from BMSCs in the SMG group also expressed higher level of MAP2 and NF-H. Furthermore, the quantity of induced adipocytes increased in the SMG group compared to the NG group shown by Oil Red O staining, The expression of PPARγ2 increased significantly under SMG condition. Therefore, we demonstrated that SMG could promote BMSCs to differentiate into many kinds of cells and predicted that enhanced multi-potential differentiation capacity response in BMSCs following SMG might be relevant to the changes of cytoskeleton and the stem cell marker OCT4.

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Abbreviations

SMG:

Simulated microgravity

NG:

Normal gravity

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

BMSC:

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell

VWF:

Von Willebrand factor

MAP2:

Microtubule-associated protein 2

NF-H:

Neurofilament heavy chain

OCT4:

Octamer-binding transcription factor 4

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Acknowledgments

This work was carried out in the Physiology laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Aerospace Biodynamics at Fourth Military Medical University. The project was supported by NSFC Grant 30973808.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, People’s Republic of China

    Nanding Wang, Xiaofeng Zhang, Juan Xie, Jing Ma, Wen Wang & Zongren Wang

  2. Department of Dermatology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

    Huan Wang

  3. Department of Encephalopathy, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, 710014, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Chen

  4. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

    Zhi Li

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  1. Nanding Wang
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  2. Huan Wang
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  3. Jun Chen
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  4. Xiaofeng Zhang
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  5. Juan Xie
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  8. Wen Wang
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Correspondence to Wen Wang or Zongren Wang.

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N. Wang, H. Wang and J. Chen are the co-first authors.

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Wang, N., Wang, H., Chen, J. et al. The simulated microgravity enhances multipotential differentiation capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 66, 119–131 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-013-9544-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-013-9544-8

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