Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

(Re) Capturing the Wisdom of Our Tradition: The Importance of Reynolds and Towle in Contemporary Social Work Education

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Clinical Social Work Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article argues that social work education has distanced itself from founding principles articulated by Bertha Reynolds and Charlotte Towle in ways that compromise the professional development of the learner in social work education. The authors trace persistent and historical professional social work education themes and identify key changes that have contributed to threats to educational integrity, with particular attention to field education and supervisory practice. After identifying both positive and negative trends and challenges to the quality of field education, the authors examine implications for field supervision and its place in the overall educational environment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Association of Schools of Social Work. (1929). Report of the Milford Conference.

  • Arkava, M. L., & Brennan, E. C. (Eds.). (1976). Competency-based education for social work: Evaluation and curriculum issues. New York: Council on Social Work Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, H. (1958). Toward clarification and improvement of work practice. Social Work, 3(2), 3–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, L., & Coe, S. (1998). Social work field instructor satisfaction with faculty field liaisons. Journal of Social Work Education, 34(3), 345–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, S., & Saks, L. V. (2006). Field notes: A conceptual application of attachment theory and research to the social work student-field instructor supervisory relationship. Journal of Social Work Education, 42(3), 669–682.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M. (2006). Field instruction in social work: A review of the research literature. The Clinical Supervisor, 24(1–2), 163–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M. (2015). Field education for clinical social work practice: Best practices and contemporary challenges. Clinical Social Work Journal, 43(3), 317–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Globerman, J., & Sussman, T. (2004). The field instructor as group worker: Managing trust and competition in group supervision. Journal of Social Work Education, 40(1), 13–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Katz, E., Regehr, C., Logie, C., Mylopoulos, M., & Tufford, L. (2013). Toward understanding meta-competence: An analysis of students’ reflection on their simulated interviews. Social Work Education, 32(2), 259–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Rawlings, M., Katz, E., & Logie, C. (2014a). Using simulation in assessment and teaching: OSCE adapted for social work (objective structured clinical examination). Alexandria, VA: CSWE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Regehr, C., Katz, E., Logie, C., Tufford, L., & Litvack, A. (2012). Evaluating the use of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) adapted for social work. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(4), 428–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Regehr, C., Logie, C., Katz, E., Mylopoulos, M., & Regehr, G. (2011). Adapting objective structured clinical examinations to assess social work students’ performance and reflections. Journal of Social Work Education, 47(1), 5–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Regehr, C., Woodford, M., Hughes, J., Power, R., & Regehr, G. (2006). Beyond competencies: Field instructors’ descriptions of student performance. Journal of Social Work Education, 42(3), 191–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogo, M., Shlonsky, A., Lee, B., & Serbinski, S. (2014b). Acting like it matters: A scoping review of simulation in child welfare training. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 8(1), 70–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breckinridge, S. P. (1936). The new horizons for professional education for social work. Social Service Review, 10(3), 437–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruno, F. J. (1944). Twenty-five years of Schools of Social Work. Social Service Review, 18(2), 152–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burke, S. G., Condon, S., & Wickell, B. (1999). The field liaison role in schools of social work: A break with the past. The Clinical Supervisor, 18(1), 203–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, P. (1993). The interpersonal vicissitudes of mentorship: An exploratory study of the field supervisor-student relationship. The Clinical Supervisor, 11(1), 121–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Council on Social Work Education. (2001). Educational policy and accreditation standards. Alexandria, VA: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Council on Social Work Education. (2008). Educational policy and accreditation standards. Alexandria, VA: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Council on Social Work Education. (2015). Educational policy and accreditation standards. Alexandria, VA: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davys, A. M., & Beddoe, L. (2009). The reflective learning model: Supervision of social work students. Social Work Education, 28(8), 919–933.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dewane, C. J. (2006). Use of self: A primer revisited. Clinical Social Work Journal, 34(4), 543–558.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dore, M. (1999). The retail method of social work: The role of the New York School in the development of clinical practice. Social Service Review, 73, 168–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eubank, E. (1928). The schools of social work of the United States and Canada: Some recent findings. Social Service Review, 2(2), 263–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flexner, A. (1915). Is social work a profession? In National Conference of Charities and Corrections. In Proceedings of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections at the Forty-second annual session held in Baltimore, Maryland, May 12–19, 1915. Chicago: Hildmann.

  • Gambrill, E. (2014). Social work and avoidable ignorance. Journal of Social Work Education, 50, 391–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gitterman, A. (1989). Field instruction in social work education: Issues, tasks and skills. The Clinical Supervisor, 7(4), 77–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, W. (1962). A critique of the working definition of social work. Social Work, 7(4), 3–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, P. D. (1995). Mentoring in social work: A study of perceived mentoring relationships among Masters in Social Work field supervisors and students. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Texas, Arlington, 1995.) Dissertation Abstracts International, A: The Humanities and Social Sciences, 56(6), Dec, 2417-A.

  • Hamilton, G. (1942). Some problems of the second-year curriculum of the professional schools. Social Service Review, 16(2), 212–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, G. (1944). Planning for the future in schools of social work. Social Service Review, 18(2), 145–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holloway, S. (2009). Some suggestions on educational program assessment and continuous improvement for the 2008 EPAS. Alexandria, VA: Council on Social Work Education Commission on Accreditation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karger, H. J., & Stoesz, D. (2003). The growth of social work education programs, 1985–1999. Journal of Social Work Education, 39(2), 279–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leighninger, L. (1980). The generalist-specialist debate in social work. Social Service Review, 54(1), 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meier, E. G. (1954). A history of the New York school of social work. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perlman, H. H. (1979). Relationship: The heart of helping people. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, B. C. (1942). Learning and teaching in the practice of social work. New York: Rinehart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ripple, L. (1964). Motivation, capacity, and opportunity: Studies in casework theory and practice. Chicago: School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherpner, H. (1928). Training for the profession. Social Service Review, 2(4), 555–564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shoemaker, L. M. (1998). Early conflicts in social work education. Social Service Review, 72(2), 182–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stafford, B., & Robbins, S. P. (1991). Mentorship for graduate social work students: Real and ideal. The Journal of Applied Social Sciences, 15(2), 193–206.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strozier, A. L., Barnett-Queen, T., & Bennett, C. K. (2000). Supervision: Critical process and outcome variables. The Clinical Supervisor, 19(1), 21–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Towle, C. (1948). The classroom teacher as practitioner. Social Service Review, 22(3), 312–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Towle, C. (1956). The learner in education for the professions. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wayne, J., Bogo, M., & Raskin, M. (2010). Field education as the signature pedagogy of social work education. Journal of Social Work Education, 46(3), 327–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Work, S. C. (1929). Generic and specific: A report of the milford conference. New York: American Association of Social Workers.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naomi Farber.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Farber, N., Reitmeier, M.C. (Re) Capturing the Wisdom of Our Tradition: The Importance of Reynolds and Towle in Contemporary Social Work Education. Clin Soc Work J 47, 5–16 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-018-0666-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-018-0666-5

Keywords

Navigation