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Anxiety Sensitivity is Associated with Lower Enjoyment and an Anxiogenic Response to Physical Activity in Smokers

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Abstract

The subjective affective response to, and enjoyment of, physical activity are strong predictors of engagement in physical activity. Anxiety sensitivity, the fear of bodily sensations, is a cognitive factor that may inhibit the pleasurable affective experience of physical activity, possibly contributing to low levels of physical activity. The current study evaluated anxiety sensitivity in relation to PA enjoyment and affective experience before and after exercise in smokers. Participants were low-active treatment-seeking smokers (n = 201) enrolled in a smoking cessation intervention. At baseline, participants completed self-report assessments of anxiety sensitivity, cigarette dependence, and physical activity enjoyment. State affect was also reported before and after a submaximal exercise test to index pre-exercise activity affect and affective response to exercise. Anxiety sensitivity was significantly negatively correlated with physical activity enjoyment, specifically lower enjoyable physical feelings of physical activity. Anxiety sensitivity was significantly correlated with lower state mood and higher state anxiety prior to the submaximal exercise test, and higher anxiety immediately after the exercise test. Additionally, anxiety sensitivity predicted increased anxiety, but not lower mood, in response to the submaximal exercise test. This is the first study to document an association of anxiety sensitivity with affective determinants of physical activity behavior in smokers. Anxiety sensitivity was associated with lower physical activity enjoyment, higher negative affect prior to and after exercise testing, and an anxiogenic response to exercise. Future work is needed to understand how the current findings generalize beyond smokers.

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Funding

This work was supported by a Grant (R01-CA173551) funded by the National Cancer Institute. The first author is supported by a Grant (T32-HL076134-11) funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

    Samantha G. Farris, Lisa A. Uebelacker, Richard A. Brown, Lawrence H. Price & Ana M. Abrantes

  2. The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA

    Samantha G. Farris

  3. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA

    Samantha G. Farris

  4. Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, 02906, USA

    Aubrey J. Legasse, Lisa A. Uebelacker, Lawrence H. Price & Ana M. Abrantes

  5. University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Richard A. Brown

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  1. Samantha G. Farris
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Correspondence to Samantha G. Farris.

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Conflict of Interest

Dr. Brown has equity ownership in Health Behavior Solutions, Inc., which is developing products for tobacco cessation although not products directly related to this publication. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of Texas at Austin in accordance with its policy on objectivity in research. Dr. Price receives travel funds from Springer and is a consultant to Wiley, Springer, University of Texas at Austin, and the Cleveland Clinic. Dr. Uebelacker’s spouse is employed by AbbVie Pharmaceuticals. Drs. Farris and Abrantes, and Ms. Legasse has no disclosures to report.

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All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Animal Rights

This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Farris, S.G., Legasse, A.J., Uebelacker, L.A. et al. Anxiety Sensitivity is Associated with Lower Enjoyment and an Anxiogenic Response to Physical Activity in Smokers. Cogn Ther Res 43, 78–87 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-018-9948-z

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