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Genetic diversity of Magnolia ashei characterized by SSR markers

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Abstract

The Ashe magnolia (Magnolia ashei) is a deciduous small tree most noted for its large 1–2 foot long leaves and fragrant creamy white flowers. Although the species is adapted to and used in landscapes in many parts of the U.S., it is endemic only to Northwest Florida where it is limited to ten counties growing on undisturbed bluffs and ravine banks. The populations are highly fragmented and are threatened by degradation of habitat, leading the species to be listed as endangered in the state of Florida. SSR markers were developed to determine the genetic diversity of wild populations of M. ashei in order to guide long-term conservation strategies. 18 marker loci identified a total of 82 alleles that were used to characterize allelic diversity of M. ashei from 11 wild populations, 14 cultivated sources, five accessions of M. macrophylla, and three interspecific hybrids. Results indicated a higher than expected level of heterozygosity within populations, and a clear distinction between Eastern and Western populations; conservation efforts should therefore focus on maintaining these distinct groups in corresponding ex situ seed orchards to counteract pressures due to overcollection, pollution, and loss of habitat due to development. Clustering of individuals was similar using several analytical methods, indicating that despite relatively small sample sizes, our analysis is a valid reflection of the diversity among and relationships between these populations.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank those who provided access and invaluable assistance in our collection efforts, including the Northwest Florida Water Management District, Florida Park Service, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, The Nature Conservancy, the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Ron Miller of Pensacola, Florida, and Rick Lewandowski of Orange, Texas.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.S. National Arboretum, U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, 3501 New York Ave., NE, Washington, DC, 20002, USA

    Christopher von Kohn, Kevin Conrad & Margaret Pooler

  2. Statistics Group, U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA

    Matthew Kramer

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  1. Christopher von Kohn
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  2. Kevin Conrad
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  3. Matthew Kramer
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  4. Margaret Pooler
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Correspondence to Margaret Pooler.

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von Kohn, C., Conrad, K., Kramer, M. et al. Genetic diversity of Magnolia ashei characterized by SSR markers. Conserv Genet 19, 923–936 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-018-1065-8

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