| |
C
it
|
Y
it
|
EU
it
|
TRADE
it
|
FDI
it
|
FIN
it
|
EI
it
|
EC
it
|
|---|
|
Mean
|
14.20
|
17,100.19
|
4470.36
|
88.40
|
2.09
|
44.55
|
5.34
|
2.98
|
|
SD
|
17.02
|
22,058.76
|
5085.43
|
34.79
|
3.46
|
24.46
|
2.47
|
0.65
|
|
Min.
|
0.48
|
742.56
|
112.05
|
30.09
|
−13.60
|
2.75
|
2.78
|
1.72
|
|
Q1 (.25)
|
2.33
|
2704.35
|
670.25
|
63.44
|
0.19
|
24.23
|
3.71
|
2.63
|
|
Median
|
4.08
|
5423.57
|
1181.87
|
85.91
|
1.05
|
43.16
|
4.25
|
2.86
|
|
Q3 (.75)
|
23.05
|
21,067.17
|
8083.59
|
103.12
|
2.98
|
63.58
|
5.69
|
3.20
|
|
Max.
|
87.69
|
116,232.75
|
22,120.37
|
251.14
|
33.57
|
106.34
|
12.48
|
6.14
|
|
Skewness
|
1.711
|
1.933
|
1.185
|
1.193
|
2.886
|
0.286
|
1.57
|
1.78
|
|
Kurtosis
|
2.815
|
3.677
|
0.504
|
2.163
|
17.946
|
−0.818
|
1.24
|
5.27
|
|
Jarque–Bera
|
449.277 (0.000)
|
590.710 (0.000)
|
128.486 (0.000)
|
214.413 (0.000)
|
8203.521 (0.000)
|
18.939 (0.000)
|
83.28 (0.00)
|
412.69 (0.00)
|
- Notes: Upper-case letters are used here to reflect variables in levels (not in logarithms). CO2 emissions (Cit); real GDP per capita (Yit); energy use (EUit); trade openness (TRADEit); foreign direct investment (FDIit); financial development (FINit); energy intensity (EIit); and energy-related CO2 emissions (ECit). SD, min., max., Q1 (.25), and Q3 (.75) are the standard deviation, minimum, maximum, first quartile, and third quartile, respectively. The data period is 1970–2015