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The Use of ω-3 Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Heart Failure: A Preferential Role in Patients with Diabetes

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Abstract

Purpose

To review the evidence for a beneficial effect of ω-3 PUFAs in heart failure (HF) and its co-morbidities, their possible preferential effect in diabetes and the potential mechanism for their benefit.

Methods

We summarize the clinical studies which investigated the use of ω-3 PUFAs in patients with HF with an emphasis on diabetes. We briefly summarize the evidence for an effect of ω-3 PUFAs in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias. We also discuss the proposed mechanisms of ω-3 PUFA action in cardiovascular diseases.

Results

While there is emerging evidence for a beneficial effect of ω-3 PUFA supplementation in patients with HF, the evidence for other indications have been variable and conflicting. In HF patients with diabetes, ω-3 PUFAs may have a preferential therapeutic benefit. Randomized controlled trials did not show considerable beneficial effects of ω-3 PUFAs in other conditions such as CAD and AF. In a diabetic and insulin-resistant state, ω-3 PUFAs bind to the G-protein coupled receptor, GPR120, resulting in reduced cytokine production from inflammatory macrophages and improved signaling in adipocytes, leading to a reduction in insulin resistance.

Conclusions

There is promising evidence showing that use of ω-3 PUFA supplementation improves clinical outcomes of HF patients with diabetes. Further clinical trials are needed in this regard.

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Acknowledgments

GYO is a Clinician-Investigator of the Alberta Innovates-Health Solutions and the Distinguish Clinician Scientist of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada and Canadian Institutes of Health Research. SMRKB is supported by the STEADI-HF training program.

Conflicts of interest

All authors of this article have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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  1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada

    Pedram Kazemian, Seyyed M. R. Kazemi-Bajestani, Aws Alherbish, Justin Steed & Gavin Y. Oudit

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  1. Pedram Kazemian
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Correspondence to Gavin Y. Oudit.

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Kazemian, P., Kazemi-Bajestani, S.M.R., Alherbish, A. et al. The Use of ω-3 Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Heart Failure: A Preferential Role in Patients with Diabetes. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 26, 311–320 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-012-6397-x

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