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Clinical and experimental approaches to the pathophysiology of interleukin-18 in cancer progression

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Abstract

Summary

Interleukin-18 (IL-18, interferon [IFN]-gamma-inducing factor) is a proinflammatory cytokine converted to a biologically active molecule by interleukin (IL)-1beta converting enzyme (caspase-1). A wide range of normal and cancer cell types can produce and respond to IL-18 through a specific receptor (IL-18R) belonging to the toll-like receptor family. The activity of IL-18 is regulated by IL-18-binding protein (IL-18bp), a secreted protein possessing the ability to neutralize IL-18 and whose blood level is affected by renal function and is induced by IFNgamma. IL-18 plays a central role in inflammation and immune response, contributing to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Because immune-stimulating effects of IL-18 have antineoplastic properties, IL-18 has been proposed as a novel adjuvant therapy against cancer. However, IL-18 increases in the blood of the majority of cancer patients and has been associated with disease progression and, in some cancer types, with metastatic recurrence risk and poor clinical outcome and survival. Under experimental conditions, cancer cells can also escape immune recognition, increase their adherence to the microvascular wall and even induce production of angiogenic and tumor growth-stimulating factors via IL-18-dependent mechanism. This is particularly visible in melanoma cells. Thus, the role of IL-18 in cancer progression and metastasis remains controversial. This review examines the clinical correlations and biological effects of IL-18 during cancer development and highlights recent experimental insights into prometastatic and proangiogenic effects of IL-18 and the use of IL-18bp against cancer progression.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Basque Country University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Leioa, Bizkaia, 48940, Spain

    Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha

  2. Dominion Pharmakine, Bizkaia Technology Park, Bldg 801, Bizkaia, 48160, Spain

    Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha, Lorea Mendoza, Naiara Telleria, Clarisa Salado, María Valcárcel, Natalia Gallot, Teresa Carrascal & Jabier Beaskoetxea

  3. University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, 80262, USA

    Charles A. Dinarello

  4. Dominion Pharmakine, Bizkaia Technology Park, Bldg 801, Bizkaia, 48160, Spain

    Eider Egilegor

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  1. Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha
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  2. Lorea Mendoza
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  3. Naiara Telleria
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Correspondence to Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha.

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Vidal-Vanaclocha, F., Mendoza, L., Telleria, N. et al. Clinical and experimental approaches to the pathophysiology of interleukin-18 in cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 25, 417–434 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-006-9013-3

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