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Inflammation and breast density among female Chinese immigrants: exploring variations across neighborhoods

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Abstract

Purpose

We examined associations of inflammation with breast density, a marker of breast cancer risk, among female Chinese immigrants and explored whether associations varied by neighborhood environment.

Methods

Assessments of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2), and breast density were performed among 401 Chinese immigrants across the Philadelphia region. Participant addresses were geocoded, with the majority residing in areas representing traditional urban enclaves (i.e., Chinatown and South Philadelphia) or an emerging enclave with a smaller, but rapidly growing Chinese immigrant population (i.e., the Near Northeast). The remainder was classified as residing in non-enclaves.

Results

In multivariable adjusted regression models, CRP was inversely associated with dense breast area (p = 0.01). Levels of sTNFR2 were also inversely associated with dense breast area, but these associations varied by neighborhood (interaction p = 0.01); specifically, inverse associations were observed among women residing in the emerging enclave (p = 0.03), but not other neighborhoods.

Conclusions

Among Chinese immigrant women, aggregate analyses that do not take neighborhood context into consideration can mask potential variations in association of inflammatory markers with breast density. Future studies should consider how neighborhood contextual factors may contribute to differential risk pathways.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants R01 CA106606 and R01 MD012621.

Funding

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants R01 CA106606 and R01 MD012621.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave., Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA

    Carolyn Y. Fang

  2. Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave., Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA

    Brian L. Egleston

  3. Department of Preventive Medicine & Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA

    Celia Byrne

  4. Social Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407-0329, USA

    Gregory S. Bohr

  5. Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Harsh B. Pathak & Andrew K. Godwin

  6. University of Kansas Cancer Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Andrew K. Godwin

  7. Chinatown Medical Services, Greater Philadelphia Health Action, Inc., 930 Washington Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19147, USA

    Philip T. Siu

  8. Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA

    Marilyn Tseng

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Fang, C.Y., Egleston, B.L., Byrne, C. et al. Inflammation and breast density among female Chinese immigrants: exploring variations across neighborhoods. Cancer Causes Control 30, 1113–1126 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-019-01206-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-019-01206-x

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