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In situ three-dimensional printing for reparative and regenerative therapy

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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging biofabrication technology, driving many innovations and opening new avenues in regenerative therapeutics. The aim of 3D bioprinting is to fabricate grafts in vitro, which can then be implanted in vivo. However, the tissue culture ex vivo carries safety risks and thereby complicated manufacturing equipment and practice are required for tissues to be implanted in the humans. The implantation of printed tissues also adds complexities due to the difficulty in maintaining the structural integrity of fabricated constructs. To tackle this challenge, the concept of in situ 3D bioprinting has been suggested in which tissues are directly printed at the site of injury or defect. Such approach could be combined with cells freshly isolated from patients to produce custom-made grafts that resemble target tissue and fit precisely to target defects. Moreover, the natural cellular microenvironment in the body can be harnessed for tissue maturation resulting in the tissue regeneration and repair. Here, we discuss literature reports on in situ 3D printing and we describe future directions and challenges for in situ 3D bioprinting. We expect that this novel technology would find great attention in different biomedical fields in near future.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge funding from the National Institutes of Health (EB021857, AR066193, AR057837, CA214411, HL137193, EB024403, EB023052, EB022403, and EB021857), and Air Force Office of Sponsored Research under award #FA9550-15-1-0273.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA

    Nureddin Ashammakhi, Samad Ahadian, Shu-Kai Hu, Praveen Bandaru, Serge Ostrovidov, Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci & Ali Khademhosseini

  2. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Building 114, Room 4528, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Nureddin Ashammakhi, Samad Ahadian, Shu-Kai Hu, Praveen Bandaru, Serge Ostrovidov, Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci & Ali Khademhosseini

  3. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA

    Nureddin Ashammakhi, Shu-Kai Hu, Praveen Bandaru, Serge Ostrovidov, Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci & Ali Khademhosseini

  4. Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA

    Nureddin Ashammakhi, Samad Ahadian & Ali Khademhosseini

  5. Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland

    Nureddin Ashammakhi

  6. School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland

    Nureddin Ashammakhi

  7. Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Ippokratis Pountos & Nazzar Tellisi

  8. Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK

    Ippokratis Pountos

  9. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA

    Ali Khademhosseini

  10. Center of Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Ali Khademhosseini

  11. Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Ali Khademhosseini

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  1. Nureddin Ashammakhi
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  2. Samad Ahadian
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  4. Shu-Kai Hu
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Ashammakhi, N., Ahadian, S., Pountos, I. et al. In situ three-dimensional printing for reparative and regenerative therapy. Biomed Microdevices 21, 42 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-019-0372-2

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